Experimental and numerical investigations of multiphase jets

在许多工程应用中可以发现含泥沙和泡状射流。空气注入到环境水中（即，气泡射流）通常用于增强湖泊和河流、废水处理、热交换器和工业反应器中的混合和曝气。含沙射流（即，泥浆射流）可用于采矿作业、水力运输、疏浚材料处理以及工业和生活废水的排放。了解气泡或沙粒与环境水的动态相互作用对于正确设计和优化包括氧气扩散器和海洋排放口在内的工程系统非常重要。 对气泡射流进行了广泛的实验研究，以测量气泡参数的变化，如气泡尺寸，比界面面积，气泡速度和环境水结构。气泡射流的早期研究表明，气泡尺寸对气泡射流的混合性能有很大的影响。泥浆射流还具有许多工业和工程应用，例如泥浆输送、海底覆盖、采矿作业、疏浚材料处理以及工业和生活废水的排放。了解泥沙颗粒与周围环境的动力相互作用，对于合理设计和优化这些工程系统具有重要意义。根据流动配置，沉积物可以通过管道/通道输送，或者可以通过喷嘴以形成浆料射流。泥沙颗粒与周围环境的动力相互作用也与泥沙的物理特性有关，如泥沙的大小、形状、密度和浓度。 该程序试图理解不同阶段之间的潜在机制（即，固相、液相和气相），并试图增强该领域的现有知识。实验和数值方法都将被用来研究这个问题。高素质的人员将接受培训，从事这一领域的研究，并监测自然界和工业界的现有系统。数值模拟是研究含沙和泡状射流动力学的一个合适的选择。商业建模包或基于研究的开源模型可以在这个程序中使用。可以使用经过验证的模型来模拟许多场景，以研究用于设计和优化目的的其他流动配置。可以为基于研究的代码开发子程序，以增强模型在这一领域进行更准确模拟的能力。

Sediment-laden and bubbly jets can be found in many engineering applications. Air injection into ambient water (i.e., bubbly jets) has been commonly used to enhance mixing and aeration in lakes and rivers, wastewater treatment, heat exchanger and industrial reactors. Sand-laden jets (i.e., slurry jets) can be found in mining operations, hydro-transport, dredging material disposal, and discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater. Understanding the dynamic interactions of air bubbles or sand particles with the ambient water are important for proper design and optimizing the engineering systems including oxygen diffusers and ocean outfalls. Extensive experimental investigations on bubbly jets have been carried out to measure the variations of bubble parameters such as bubble size, specific interfacial area, bubble velocity and ambient water structure. Early investigations of bubbly jets have shown that the mixing performance of bubbly jets is greatly influenced by the bubble size. Slurry jets have also many industrial and engineering applications, such as, slurry transport, marine bed capping, mining operations, dredging material disposal, and discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater. Understanding the dynamic interactions of the sediment particles and its ambient are important for proper design and optimizing those engineering systems. Depending upon the flow configurations, sediments can be transported through pipelines/channels or can be passed through a nozzle to form a slurry jet. Dynamic interactions of the sand particles and its ambient are also correlated with the physical characteristics of sediments such as sediment size, shape, density and concentration. This program attempts to understand the underlying mechanisms between different phases (i.e., solid, liquid and gas phases) and tries to enhance the existing knowledge in this field. Both experimental and numerical approaches are going to be used to study the problem. Highly qualified personnel will be trained to pursue research in this area and monitor the existing systems in both nature and industry. Numerical modeling can be a suitable choice to study the dynamics of sediment-laden and bubbly jets. Commercial modeling packages or research-based open source models can be used in this program. Many scenarios can be simulated using a validated model to study other flow configurations for designing and optimization purposes. Sub-routines can be developed for research-based codes to enhance the capability of models for more accurate simulations in this field.