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Ecological and evolutionary responses of plants to environmental change

植物对环境变化的生态和进化反应

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2015-05804
负责人：
Vellend, Mark
金额：
$ 3.57万
依托单位：
Université de Sherbrooke
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=590650
关键词：
Ecological evolutionary responses plants environmental

项目摘要

The responses of plant populations and communities to environmental change involve interactions between ecological and evolutionary processes. Understanding these processes presents a fundamental scientific challenge and determines our ability to predict and manage the natural ecosystems upon which people depend. The traits of organisms (e.g., their size, or time of flowering) determine how environmental conditions influence performance. Because such traits vary both within and among species, they provide a natural common currency for assessment of eco-evolutionary responses to environmental change. Within species, organismal responses involve two processes: phenotypic plasticity, which can allow traits such as flowering time to respond rapidly to local conditions (e.g., within a single growing season), and adaptive evolution, which requires sufficient time for birth and death to result in genetic change at the population level. Phenotypic plasticity complicates our ability to easily track evolutionary change explicitly through time, and moreover, plastic responses in different populations can influence gene flow between those populations, and thus local adaptation. The research proposed here aims to assess the action of these processes in nature, testing key hypotheses concerning relatively unexplored aspects of plant population and community responses to environmental change.

植物种群和群落对环境变化的反应涉及生态和进化过程之间的相互作用。了解这些过程是一个基本的科学挑战，并决定了我们预测和管理人类所依赖的自然生态系统的能力。生物体的特征（例如，它们的大小，或开花时间）决定了环境条件如何影响性能。因为这些性状在物种内和物种之间都有差异，它们为评估生态进化对环境变化的反应提供了一种天然的共同货币。在物种内，生物体的反应涉及两个过程：表型可塑性，它可以使开花时间等性状对当地条件迅速作出反应（例如，在一个生长季节内），以及适应性进化，这需要足够的时间来出生和死亡，以导致种群水平的遗传变化。表型可塑性使我们能够很容易地通过时间明确地跟踪进化变化的能力变得复杂，此外，不同种群中的可塑性反应可以影响这些种群之间的基因流动，本研究旨在评估这些过程在自然界中的作用，测试有关植物种群和群落对环境变化反应的相对未开发方面的关键假设。