New hybrid construction systems for buildings

人们普遍认为，未来的社会将更加城市化，城市人口密度将更高，因为这将最大限度地减少对许多资源的需求。即使在土地丰富的加拿大，最近的发展也扭转了这一趋势。例如，自2009年起，不列颠哥伦比亚省允许建造5层和6层的木材轻型框架住宅建筑，而不是遵守传统的4层限制。然而，在技术和公共领域，人们仍然非常关注是否存在有效和可靠地做到这一点的知识。拟议的研究解决了与建筑物的设计，制造和建造相关的工程知识差距的关键要素，如不列颠哥伦比亚省现在允许的建筑物（并建议在加拿大其他地方允许），并支持开发更高的混合结构，其中木材是多种结构材料之一。重点是采用传统和非传统的木材材料和其他材料，以最大限度地利用每种材料的能力。建议在与至少5层高建筑物的混合建筑系统相关的项目中聘用和培训7名研究生（3名硕士和4名博士）。所要开发的实例涉及：（1）用于中高层建筑的预制系统，其中大型墙壁和地板子结构像Mechano©部件一样夹在一起;（2）多功能建筑界面，其满足从消防安全到遏制结构损坏，到建筑居住者舒适度和能源效率的性能要求;以及（3）轻质大跨度和低轮廓的大块木材地板，用于与结构钢框架结合以创建超高层建筑。每项活动都将涉及在加拿大内外建立网络。设想的交付成果包括研究论文和报告;设计规范修订;设计实践说明;通过创造产品创意支持行业;以及培训新的专业人员。

It is widely acknowledged that future societies will be more urbanised with higher population densities in cities, because that minimizes demand on many resources. Even in land-rich Canada, recent developments exemplify the trend. For example, as of 2009 it is allowed to construct 5- and 6-storey timber light-frame residential buildings in British Columbia instead of respecting the traditional 4-storey limit. However, there remains much concern in technical and public circles about whether the knowledge exists to do this efficiently and reliably. The proposed research addresses key elements of the engineering knowledge gaps associated with design, manufacture and construct of buildings like those now allowed in British Columbia (and proposed to be allowed elsewhere in Canada), and supports development of even taller hybrid structures where timber is one of multiple structural materials. Emphasis is on employing traditional and non-traditional timber-based materials, and other materials, in ways that exploit capabilities of each to maximum advantage. It is proposed to engage and train seven graduate students (3 MSc and 4 PhD) in projects related to hybrid construction systems of buildings at least 5 storeys tall. Examples of what is intended relate to development of: (1) prefabricated system(s) for mid-rise buildings wherein large wall and floor substructures clip together like Mechano© parts; (2) multifunctional construction interfaces that address performance requirements ranging from fire safety to containment of structural damage, to comfort of building occupants and energy efficiency; and (3) lightweight long-span and low-profile massive timber floors for use in conjunction with structural steel frameworks to create super tall buildings. Each activity will involve networking in and beyond Canada. Envisioned deliverables are research papers and reports; design code revisions; design practice notes; support of industry through creation of product ideas; and training new professionals.