Renewable Energy Storage Buffering with Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells with Rapid Cycling Ability

太阳能或风能等可再生能源具有显著减少空气污染和二氧化碳排放的潜力，同时延长化石燃料储备的使用寿命。然而，能源是间歇性的，因此需要存储缓冲，以提供足够的可再生能源的可用性。固体氧化物电池可以可逆地作为电解电池（soec）和燃料电池（sofc）运行，与电池相比，它有可能提高存储缓冲技术的使用寿命，并且与低温电解电池相比，由于其更低的动力学损失，并且能够使用更大比例的热量而不是电力作为氢气生产的能量输入，因此可以提高能量存储和释放的效率。这些热量可以来自电池运行过程中的电阻加热和动能损失，来自外部太阳能聚光器（如太阳能热电厂中使用的那些），来自地热资源，或来自核电站或工业设施的废热。

Renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power have the potential to significantly reduce air pollution and CO2 emissions while extending the lifetime of fossil fuel reserves. However, the energy sources are intermittent, so storage buffers are needed in order to provide sufficient availability of renewable power. Solid oxide cells that can operate reversibly as electrolysis cells (SOECs) and fuel cells (SOFCs) could potentially improve the longevity of storage buffer technology compared to batteries and improve the efficiency of energy storage and release compared to low temperature electrolysis cells, due to their lower kinetic losses and ability to use a greater proportion of heat rather than electricity as the energy input for hydrogen production. This heat can originate from resistance heating and kinetic losses in the cells during their operation, from external solar concentrators (such as those used in solar thermal plants), from geothermal sources, or from waste heat from nuclear power plants or industrial facilities.