Development of novel supercapacitor-battery hybrid systems for renewable energy storage

开发用于可再生能源存储的新型超级电容器-电池混合系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03562
• 负责人: Barz, Dominik
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=747113
• 关键词: Development; novel; supercapacitor; battery; hybrid

The energy sector is one of the largest carbon dioxide emitters and the integration of renewable energy into the electrical power generation economy is a promising strategy to reduce carbon emissions. However, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are irregular and do not only vary over short times but also over long periods. Hence, energy from renewables, which is not immediately consumed, must be stored until it is used and supplied when required. Batteries can store and dispense relatively large amounts of energy, but they don't work well at high electrical power rates. In contrast, supercapacitors can handle large power rates but do not store a lot of energy. Hence, both candidates are not ideal to support the integration of renewable sources into the grid. This proposal is concerned with the development of a novel class of hybrids which combine the energy storage mechanisms of supercapacitors and battery. In an ideal demonstration, such a hybrid can store large amounts of energy like a battery and handle high power rates like a supercapacitor. These features make it an ideal energy storage device for the integration of renewable energy sources in the existing electricity grid. We propose the combination of high-surface area electrodes with a non-aqueous electrolyte which allows for the supercapacitor-like operation of the hybrid. The non-aqueous electrolyte also contains a redox species - a chemical agent which can be electrochemically converted - which grants the battery-like mechanisms to the hybrid. The hybrid development is accompanied by investigation of the underlying fundamentals. In detail, we will explore charge and mass transfer in confined geometries as we find them in batteries, supercapacitors and their hybrids. From the derived understanding, we can develop guidelines for design improvements of future devices to make them more efficient. The research also trains nine Highly Qualified Personnel and contributes to Canada's economic future.

能源部门是最大的二氧化碳排放国之一，将可再生能源纳入发电经济是一项有希望的减少碳排放的战略。然而，风能和太阳能等可再生能源是不规则的，不仅在短时间内变化，而且在长时间内也不同。因此，来自可再生能源的能源不是立即消耗的，必须储存起来，直到使用完并在需要时供应。电池可以储存和释放相对较大的能量，但它们在高电价下不能很好地工作。相比之下，超级电容器可以承受很大的电费，但不会储存大量能量。因此，两位候选人都不是支持将可再生能源整合到电网中的理想人选。这项提议涉及开发一种新型的混合动力材料，它结合了超级电容器和电池的储能机制。在理想的演示中，这样的混合动力车可以像电池一样储存大量能量，像超级电容器一样处理高功率率。这些特点使其成为在现有电网中整合可再生能源的理想储能装置。我们建议将高比表面积电极与非水电解液相结合，以实现混合动力电池类似超级电容器的操作。非水电解液还包含一种氧化还原物种-一种可以电化学转化的化学试剂-这赋予了混合动力车类似电池的机制。混合发展伴随着对潜在基本面的调查。具体来说，我们将探索受限几何中的电荷和质量传递，就像我们在电池、超级电容器及其混合体中发现的那样。从这些理解中，我们可以为未来设备的设计改进制定指导方针，使它们变得更高效。这项研究还培养了9名高素质的人才，并为加拿大的经济未来做出了贡献。