Subarctic coastal oceanography

亚北极沿岸海洋学

• 批准号: 283145-2012
• 负责人: Bourgault, Daniel
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Rimouski
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=594792
• 关键词: Subarctic; coastal; oceanography

The variability of Arctic sea ice and predictions of its reduction have motivated in the last decade large research programs of ice-covered marine ecosystems in the Canadian Arctic and related seas. In comparison, Canadian ice-covered marine ecosystems unconnected to the Arctic, such as the Gulf of St. Lawrence and eastern Canadian fjords, have received little research attention despite that these subarctic systems are subject to comparable interannual and climatic sea ice variabilities. Many questions motivating oceanographic research in the Canadian Arctic could also be addressed through research in subarctic ice-covered environments. For example, the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence as well as the Saguenay Fjord share many characteristics with coastal Arctic marine ecosystems: they are seasonally ice-covered, they receive important amount of freshwater from rivers, they host polynias (i.e. regions of open water even at the heart of winter), they host a rich and diverse ecosystem and they play important economic and social roles for Canadians and local communities (e.g. fishing, potential for oil and gas exploration, tourisms, etc.)

北极海冰的变化及其减少的预测在过去十年中推动了加拿大北极和相关海域冰覆盖海洋生态系统的大型研究项目。相比之下，与北极无关的加拿大冰覆盖海洋生态系统，如圣劳伦斯湾和加拿大东部峡湾，尽管这些亚北极系统受到可比的年际和气候海冰变化的影响，但却很少受到研究的关注。推动加拿大北极地区海洋学研究的许多问题也可以通过对亚北极冰层覆盖环境的研究来解决。例如，河口和圣劳伦斯湾以及萨格奈峡湾与北极沿海海洋生态系统有许多共同特征：它们季节性地被冰覆盖，从河流中获得大量淡水，它们拥有多岛（即即使在冬天也有开阔的水域），它们拥有丰富多样的生态系统，它们对加拿大人和当地社区起着重要的经济和社会作用（例如渔业、石油和天然气勘探的潜力、旅游业等）。