Deformation based hanging wall failure prediction

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Open stope mining is one of the most commonly used mining methods in Canada because of the strong rock types of the Canadian shield, high production rates and the high extraction ratios associated with this mining method. Instability in the form of stope dilution or overall failure of stope surfaces commonly occurs on the stope hanging wall and can add significant costs to mining. The prediction of hanging wall dilution and failure commonly relies on empirical and numerical design methods based on stress, opening geometry and the condition and properties of the rock mass. These methods have enjoyed some success, however, variability in stope blasting, backfilling, ore contact irregularity and time open are difficult to quantify and are just some of the challenges for the successful prediction of stope stability.