Improvement of Augmented Multi-Constellation Satellite-Based Precise Positioning in a Wide Range of Environments

增强型多星座星基大范围环境下精密定位的改进

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03658
• 负责人: Langley, Richard
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=610570
• 关键词: Improvement; Augmented; Multi; Constellation; Satellite

Although GPS was the first widely available satellite navigation system, it has now been joined by the Russian GLONASS system, and will soon be joined by the European Galileo system, the Chinese BeiDou system and the Japanese QZSS—all of which have test satellites now in orbit. There are a number of interesting problems to be solved in gaining maximum benefits from this plethora of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) for precise positioning and navigation, and my proposed Discovery Grant research will address a number of them. By using observations from all available satellites, regardless of constellation, we have the possibility of significantly improving navigation availability and continuity in restricted environments where signals from some directions might be blocked. We also have the potential for improved positioning accuracy due to the availability of more observations with more favourable geometry. We have already demonstrated this by combining GPS observations with those from one of the Galileo test satellites. Research is needed on how to best combine measurements from the different systems with different reference datums, reference time systems, system biases, signal types, and measurement accuracies and precisions. The algorithms and associated software for optimally processing the observations also need to be developed. We have already achieved an optimum approach for combining GPS and GLONASS legacy signal data and will extend it for data from the other constellations. High-accuracy GNSS positioning in sub-par environments is hampered by other difficulties besides access to augmentation data. For example, in the auroral and polar regions, the ionosphere can be often disturbed resulting in scintillating observations that frequently include cycle slips or jumps in the recorded carrier-phase data. My research group has made significant progress in developing approaches for the detection and repair of cycle slips. However, the techniques are not infallible and further research into the problem of cycle slips is required. The new GNSS along with modernized GPS will offer new signal structures on multiple frequencies that will greatly benefit positioning and navigation. My group has done some pioneering work to demonstrate some of the advantages and we will carry out further investigations as the GPS Block IIF/III, Galileo, and BeiDou constellations are built up along with the use of the new signals to be implemented for the GLONASS constellation. Our work will also involve enhanced modelling of atmospheric effects. We will be investigating GNSS receiver performance in disturbed ionospheric conditions, including the use of GPS as a remote-sensing tool for studying the morphology of the electron distribution. This part of our work will make use of data from terrestrial GPS receivers including those of the expanded Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network currently being deployed by UNB. We will also begin the analysis of data from our GPS-based instrument on the Canadian CASSIOPE scientific satellite launched at the end of September 2013. Some of our work will be coordinated with the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiment and the IGS Real Time Pilot Project—two IGS activities in which we already participate. All of our proposed GNSS research will be of significant benefit for positioning and navigation in Canada and worldwide.

虽然GPS是第一个广泛使用的卫星导航系统，但现在已经加入了俄罗斯的GLONASS系统，并将很快加入欧洲伽利略系统、中国北斗系统和日本QZSS--所有这些系统现在都有测试卫星在轨道上。为了最大限度地利用全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)进行精确定位和导航，有许多有趣的问题需要解决，我提议的探索基金研究将解决其中的一些问题。 通过使用所有可用卫星的观测，而不考虑星座，我们有可能在某些方向的信号可能被阻断的受限环境中显著提高导航可用性和连续性。我们也有可能提高定位精度，因为我们有更多的观测数据和更有利的几何条件。我们已经通过将GPS观测与伽利略测试卫星之一的观测相结合来演示这一点。需要研究如何最好地结合来自具有不同参考基准、参考时间系统、系统偏差、信号类型以及测量精度和精度的不同系统的测量结果。还需要开发以最佳方式处理观测数据的算法和相关软件。我们已经实现了组合GPS和GLONASS遗留信号数据的最佳方法，并将扩展到来自其他星座的数据。 在低于平均水平的环境中进行高精度的全球导航卫星系统定位，除了获取增强数据外，还受到其他困难的阻碍。例如，在极光和极地区域，电离层可能经常受到干扰，从而产生闪烁观测，在记录的载波相位数据中经常包括周跳或跳跃。我的研究小组在开发检测和修复自行车滑倒的方法方面取得了重大进展。然而，这些技术并不是万无一失的，需要对周跳问题进行进一步的研究。 新的GNSS和现代化的GPS将在多个频率上提供新的信号结构，这将极大地有利于定位和导航。我的团队已经做了一些开创性的工作来展示一些优势，随着GPS Block IIF/III、Galileo和北斗星座的建立以及GLONASS星座将使用的新信号的使用，我们将进行进一步的调查。 我们的工作还将包括加强大气效应的建模。我们将调查全球导航卫星系统接收器在受干扰的电离层条件下的性能，包括将全球定位系统用作研究电子分布形态的遥感工具。我们这部分工作将利用地面全球定位系统接收器的数据，包括联合国开发计划署目前正在部署的扩大的加拿大北极高地电离层网络的数据。我们还将开始分析2013年9月底发射的加拿大CASSIOPE科学卫星上我们的全球定位系统仪器的数据。 我们的一些工作将与国际导航卫星系统服务(全球导航卫星系统)多个全球导航卫星系统试验和国际导航卫星系统实时试点项目协调，这是我们已经参与的两项全球导航卫星系统活动。 我们所有拟议的全球导航卫星系统研究将对加拿大和世界各地的定位和导航有重大好处。