Structural Control Systems for Seismic and Wind Excitation

地震和风力激励的结构控制系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04098
• 负责人: Tait, Michael
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612771
• 关键词: Structural; Control; Systems; Seismic; Wind

In addition to inflicting massive economic losses, the negative societal impact a natural disaster can have on a country is astounding. For example, during the 22 February 2011 (M6.3) Christchurch earthquake (New Zealand) a large number of buildings, similar to buildings in Canada, were damaged beyond repair and several collapsed. This resulted in 182 fatalities and closure of the central business district for months. According to a recent report commissioned by the Insurance Bureau of Canada, a substantial portion of Canada’s building stock will experience severe damage or complete collapse during a major earthquake. It is expected that a major earthquake in the Quebec City-Montreal-Ottawa corridor will result in losses of more than C$60 billion, and nearly C$75 billion if a major earthquake were to occur in British Columbia. Base isolation can be utilized to reduce earthquake-induced building damage and loss of life. Furthermore, high-rise and flexible buildings are vulnerable to wind induced motions, which can lead to occupant discomfort, increased structural member forces, building service interruptions and building envelope damage. The proposed research will focus on reducing the vulnerability of buildings to seismic or wind loading through the development of economical structural control systems that will significantly improve building performance. The research described in this proposal will advance the current state-of-knowledge and impact the state-of-practice in structural control systems, facilitating the attainment of maximal structural performance under seismic or wind excitation. Through experimental testing and numerical modelling, the performance of buildings equipped with novel partially bonded fiber reinforced elastomeric isolators (PB-FREI) under seismic loading, multiple tuned liquid dampers (MTLD) under wind excitation, and combinations of both devices under seismic or wind loading will be quantified. Findings from the proposed research will equip current and next generation engineers with novel devices and advanced design tools, including building code provisions and guidelines, enabling higher levels of building performance to be achieved. As an integral part of Canada’s construction industry, which employs over a million people, and consumes 40% of the country's energy and 50% of its primary resources, the $130 billion Canadian building market is in need of economical performance-based technical solutions, including cost-effective structural control devices and hybrid structural control systems. By advancing structural control devices for seismic, wind and multiple hazard applications, higher levels of building performance will be achieved. This will ultimately improve Canada’s infrastructure, providing Canadian communities with economical, safe and resilient buildings.

除了造成巨大的经济损失外，自然灾害对一个国家的负面社会影响也令人震惊。例如，在2011年2月22日新西兰克赖斯特彻奇（基督城）发生6.3级地震期间，与加拿大的建筑物类似的大量建筑物遭到无法修复的破坏，有几座倒塌。这导致182人死亡，中央商业区关闭数月。根据加拿大保险局最近委托的一份报告，加拿大很大一部分建筑物将在大地震中遭受严重破坏或完全倒塌。预计魁北克市-蒙特利尔-渥太华走廊的大地震将造成600多亿加元的损失，如果不列颠哥伦比亚省发生大地震，将造成近750亿加元的损失。基础隔震可以用来减少地震引起的建筑物损坏和生命损失。此外，高层和柔性建筑容易受到风引起的运动，这可能会导致居住者的不适，增加结构构件的力量，建筑服务中断和建筑围护结构的损坏，拟议的研究将集中在减少建筑物的脆弱性，通过经济的结构控制系统，将显着提高建筑性能的发展，以减少地震或风荷载。本提案中所述的研究将推进当前的知识水平，并影响结构控制系统的实践水平，促进在地震或风激励下实现最大的结构性能。通过实验测试和数值模拟，将量化配备新型部分粘结纤维增强弹性体隔震器（PB-FREI）的建筑物在地震荷载下的性能，多重调谐液体阻尼器（MTLD）在风激励下的性能，以及地震或风荷载下两种装置的组合。拟议研究的结果将为当前和下一代工程师提供新型装置和先进的设计工具，包括建筑规范规定和指导方针，使建筑性能达到更高的水平。作为加拿大建筑业的一个组成部分，该行业雇用了100多万人，消耗了该国40%的能源和50%的主要资源，价值1300亿美元的加拿大建筑市场需要经济的基于性能的技术解决方案，包括成本有效的结构控制装置和混合结构控制系统。通过推进用于地震、风和多种灾害应用的结构控制装置，将实现更高水平的建筑性能。这将最终改善加拿大的基础设施，为加拿大社区提供经济、安全和有弹性的建筑。