Ionic solvent based pretreatment processes for biorefineries

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The proposed program is a continuation of Dr. Rehmann’s previous (and first) NSERC Discovery grant, which had focused on the production of biobutanol, a second-generation biofuel. It builds on experience in biomass processing, fermentation design, high-throughput screening and scale-up related research and development and can take advantage of state-of-the-art research infrastructure. The proposed program addresses the need for the industrial production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass in a true biorefinery approach, maximizing the value of biomass by producing a vast flexible array of useful products, easily integratable into current production processes. Lignocellulosic biomass is composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, all of which have to be utilized in order to produce economically viable products. The long-term¬ objectives of this Discovery grant are therefore the development of advanced biomass pretreatment technologies and the subsequent fermentative production of fuels and chemicals in close collaboration with enabling industrial partners. Short-term objectives include combined applications of technologies for advanced chemical biomass fractionation and subsequent valorization through integrated biorefining. These objectives will be met through three specific projects to be carried out by graduate students: a) Development of biomass pretreatment with ionic solvents, b) Development of microbial mixed cultures processes for pretreated biomass, and c) Development of novel in-situ product removal techniques. The proposed program aims to provide a conversion technology for very diverse organic matter. Combined biochemical and thermal biomass conversion could result in full conversion of biomass to high-value products, without low-value residue. The noticeable benefits of a robust biorefining process are: reduction of pollution created by residues, increased value from agricultural and forestry co-products, diversion from landfills, net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and integration of renewable resources into conventional fossil fuel and chemical products. Biorefining of agricultural and forestry residues would lead to the development of new markets for residual materials and wastes, hence greatly improving the economics of forestry, agricultural, industrial and municipal operations, and making them more sustainable, to the great benefit of all members of society. Students being trained through this program would receive a multidisciplinary education and gain exposure to international industrial and academic networks, preparing them well for leadership positions in the Canadian bioeconomy.