Novel strategies for the study of emerging organic contaminants in the environment

研究环境中新兴有机污染物的新策略

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06762
• 负责人: Segura, Pedro
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: Université de Sherbrooke
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614348
• 关键词: Novel; strategies; study; emerging; organic

The presence of trace amounts of “emerging organic contaminants” (EOCs) in the aquatic environment such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is worrisome since mixture effects of these substances are not yet well understood. Moreover, the study of EOCs in aquatic and terrestrial environments presents new challenges due to their low concentration, diversity, unknown fate and lack of ecotoxicological data. My research program aims to find an answer to the following questions: What other EOCs of concern are present in the environment and at what concentrations? What are the biotransformation products of EOCs? Are mixtures of trace amounts of EOCs toxic to biota? In the next 5 years, we will focus on study of three classes of EOCs: 1) pharmaceuticals 2) cyanotoxins and 3) plastic additives. We plan to develop and apply a series of methods that will help us improve the study those EOCs in the environment. Objective #1: Improved extraction and separation techniques to identify EOCs by suspect screening As many EOCs produced in large quantities may be found in the environment, new methodologies are required to cope with this diversity. Therefore, our work on this topic will improve sample preparation and chromatography to identify EOCs of diverse physicochemical properties by screening methods. Objective #2: Study of biotransformation products of EOCs by electrochemical methods Our research in this topic will make possible the development and application electrochemical techniques to generate phase I metabolites of EOCs in vitro. In addition, we will apply those techniques to identify metabolites of Lyngbya wollei toxins which will help us better understand their fate in surface waters. Objective #3: New toxicity bioassay based on metabolic profiling of Daphnia magna Our research in this topic aims to develop a new toxicity bioassay based on the analysis of metabolites in tissues of the water flea D. magna. We will use ecdysteroids and the crustacean juvenoid hormone as targets for quantitative studies that could indicate toxic effects in D. magna resulting from the exposure to mixtures of EOCs at environmental concentrations (< 10 ppb). The main contribution of my research program to the field of environmental chemistry in the next five years is the development and application of a series of new analytical and environmental toxicology methods that will make possible to study the toxicity of trace amounts of PPCPs and plastic additives, the study of transformation products of cyanotoxins and PPCPs well as the detection of new EOCs. In the long term, my research program will advance our knowledge about the presence, fate and toxicity of EOCs in the environment and will contribute to determine what contaminants are more concerning and where industry and government decision makers should concentrate their efforts in order to mitigate and control contamination.

在水生环境中，如药品和个人护理产品（PPCP）中存在微量的“新兴有机污染物”（EOC）令人担忧，因为这些物质的混合效应尚未得到很好的理解。此外，由于EOCs的低浓度、多样性、未知归宿和生态毒理学数据的缺乏，其在水环境和陆地环境中的研究提出了新的挑战。 我的研究计划旨在找到以下问题的答案：环境中存在哪些其他值得关注的EOCs以及浓度如何？EOCs的生物转化产物是什么？微量EOCs的混合物是否对生物群有毒？在未来5年内，我们将重点研究三类EOCs：1）药物，2）氰毒素和3）塑料添加剂。我们计划开发和应用一系列的方法，这将有助于我们提高研究这些EOCs在环境中。 目标#1：改进提取和分离技术，通过可疑筛选鉴定EOC 由于环境中可能存在大量生产的EOC，因此需要新的方法来科普这种多样性。因此，我们在这一主题上的工作将改进样品制备和色谱法，以通过筛选方法鉴定不同理化性质的EOCs。 目标#2：通过电化学方法研究EOC的生物转化产物 本课题的研究将为电化学技术在体外制备EOCs I相代谢产物提供可能。此外，我们将应用这些技术来确定鞘丝藻毒素的代谢物，这将有助于我们更好地了解它们在表面沃茨中的命运。 目标#3：基于大型蚤代谢谱的新毒性生物测定 本课题的研究目的是建立一种新的基于水蚤组织代谢产物的毒性生物测定方法。magna.我们将使用蜕皮类固醇和甲壳类juvenoid激素作为定量研究的目标，可以表明在D。暴露于环境浓度（< 10 ppb）的EOCs混合物导致的大。 我的研究计划在未来五年内对环境化学领域的主要贡献是开发和应用一系列新的分析和环境毒理学方法，这将使研究痕量PPCPs和塑料添加剂的毒性成为可能，研究氰毒素和PPCPs的转化产物以及新EOCs的检测。从长远来看，我的研究计划将推进我们对EOCs在环境中的存在，命运和毒性的了解，并将有助于确定哪些污染物更令人关注，以及行业和政府决策者应该集中精力减轻和控制污染。