Novel strategies for the study of emerging organic contaminants in the environment

药物和个人护理产品（PPCPs）等水生环境中微量“新兴有机污染物”（EOCs）的存在令人担忧，因为这些物质的混合效应尚未得到很好的了解。此外，由于其浓度低、多样性大、命运不明以及缺乏生态毒理学数据，对水生和陆地环境中EOCs的研究面临新的挑战。*******我的研究计划旨在找到以下问题的答案：环境中存在哪些其他令人关注的eoc及其浓度？eoc的生物转化产物是什么？微量的EOCs混合物对生物群有毒吗？未来5年，我们将重点研究三类EOCs: 1)药物类；2)蓝藻毒素类；3)塑料助剂类。我们计划开发和应用一系列方法，以帮助我们改善对环境中生态环境的研究。*******目标#1：改进提取和分离技术，通过可疑筛选来识别EOCs ****由于环境中可能大量产生许多EOCs，因此需要新的方法来应对这种多样性。因此，我们的工作将改进样品制备和色谱，通过筛选方法鉴定不同理化性质的EOCs。****目的#2：电化学方法研究EOCs的生物转化产物****本课题的研究将为电化学技术在体外生成EOCs I相代谢物的开发和应用提供可能。此外，我们将应用这些技术来鉴定wollelingbya毒素的代谢物，这将有助于我们更好地了解它们在地表水中的命运。****目的#3：基于大水蚤代谢谱的新型毒性生物测定方法****本课题旨在建立一种基于大水蚤组织代谢物分析的新型毒性生物测定方法。我们将使用蜕皮甾体和甲壳类幼激素作为定量研究的目标，以表明暴露于环境浓度（< 10 ppb）的EOCs混合物对D. magna的毒性作用。*******我的研究计划在未来五年对环境化学领域的主要贡献是开发和应用一系列新的分析和环境毒理学方法，这些方法将使微量PPCPs和塑料添加剂的毒性研究，蓝藻毒素和PPCPs转化产物的研究以及新的EOCs的检测成为可能。从长远来看，我的研究项目将促进我们对环境中EOCs的存在、命运和毒性的了解，并将有助于确定哪些污染物更受关注，以及工业和政府决策者应该集中精力减轻和控制污染

The presence of trace amounts of "emerging organic contaminants" (EOCs) in the aquatic environment such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) is worrisome since mixture effects of these substances are not yet well understood. Moreover, the study of EOCs in aquatic and terrestrial environments presents new challenges due to their low concentration, diversity, unknown fate and lack of ecotoxicological data.*******My research program aims to find an answer to the following questions: What other EOCs of concern are present in the environment and at what concentrations? What are the biotransformation products of EOCs? Are mixtures of trace amounts of EOCs toxic to biota? In the next 5 years, we will focus on study of three classes of EOCs: 1) pharmaceuticals 2) cyanotoxins and 3) plastic additives. We plan to develop and apply a series of methods that will help us improve the study those EOCs in the environment.*******Objective #1: Improved extraction and separation techniques to identify EOCs by suspect screening****As many EOCs produced in large quantities may be found in the environment, new methodologies are required to cope with this diversity. Therefore, our work on this topic will improve sample preparation and chromatography to identify EOCs of diverse physicochemical properties by screening methods.****Objective #2: Study of biotransformation products of EOCs by electrochemical methods****Our research in this topic will make possible the development and application electrochemical techniques to generate phase I metabolites of EOCs in vitro. In addition, we will apply those techniques to identify metabolites of Lyngbya wollei toxins which will help us better understand their fate in surface waters.****Objective #3: New toxicity bioassay based on metabolic profiling of Daphnia magna****Our research in this topic aims to develop a new toxicity bioassay based on the analysis of metabolites in tissues of the water flea D. magna. We will use ecdysteroids and the crustacean juvenoid hormone as targets for quantitative studies that could indicate toxic effects in D. magna resulting from the exposure to mixtures of EOCs at environmental concentrations (< 10 ppb).*******The main contribution of my research program to the field of environmental chemistry in the next five years is the development and application of a series of new analytical and environmental toxicology methods that will make possible to study the toxicity of trace amounts of PPCPs and plastic additives, the study of transformation products of cyanotoxins and PPCPs well as the detection of new EOCs. In the long term, my research program will advance our knowledge about the presence, fate and toxicity of EOCs in the environment and will contribute to determine what contaminants are more concerning and where industry and government decision makers should concentrate their efforts in order to mitigate and control contamination.***