High laser field effects and laser-produced plasmas in a near QED regime

近 QED 区域中的高激光场效应和激光产生的等离子体

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04173
• 负责人: Kieffer, JeanClaude
• 金额: $ 5.39万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614890
• 关键词: laser; field; effects; produced; plasmas

The proposed scientific program aims to explore laser-produced plasmas in a regime close to the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) effects intensity threshold (around 1023W/cm2) that can now be reached with the new generation of high peak power ultrafast lasers. The applicant upgraded the high peak power laser, from 200TW to 750TW, at the Advanced Laser Light Source (ALLS) facility at INRS in Varennes (Qc). This new infrastructure is ready (October 2015) with higher energies (up to 12J) in shorter (16fs) pulse duration. It will provide an unprecedented opportunity to achieve intensities on target close to 1023W/cm2 and explore high field frontier science. The new ALLS infrastructure and the proposed research program will help to maintain Canada at the forefront of a very competitive and novel science. The proposed program includes two major directions related to the interaction of very high laser fields with plasmas and is seen as a background for more complex experiments with more powerful lasers (multi-PW) at higher intensities in the QED regime. The first sub-program aims to explore, in a controlled geometry, the effect of strong longitudinal oscillating electric fields on electrons in plasma. Such fields will be a key component in the complex strong field QED regime. We will study electron acceleration directly by the longitudinal field created by the tight focusing of the radially polarized (TM01 mode) 750TW beam. Electrons will be either produced and accelerated directly by the main laser pulse from mass limited targets positioned inside the focal spot or accelerated from a plasma preformed by a first beam and injected with appropriate delay in the focal volume. Scaling laws as a function of the laser pulse duration (down to near single cycle pulse) and of the focusing numerical aperture will be established to benchmark modeling. The second sub-program is on the generation and study of plasmas in a radiation-dominated regime. Hot dense matter heated to extreme temperature (specific energy densities >106MJ/kg) will be produced from extremely thin foils to study the unexplored regime of atomic physics in radiation-dominated regime and in regimes where very high E and B oscillating fields are key parameters. Atomic physics (ionization dynamics, equilibrium) and the generation and effect of short wavelength radiation (up to the gamma-ray range) will be studied with high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy. Plasmas dynamics will be probed on the femtosecond time scale using femtosecond betatron radiation to realize the first ever femtosecond time resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy of very hot dense matter. This scientific program involves complex tools and methodologies, which for most of them have already been tested by the applicant's group, to produce adequate targets, measure electron beams on attosecond and femtosecond time scales, and shape beam in time and frequency with Gaussian and exotic modes.

拟议的科学计划旨在探索激光产生的等离子体，其范围接近量子电动力学（QED）效应强度阈值（约1023 W/cm 2），现在可以通过新一代高峰功率超快激光器达到。申请人将瓦雷恩（QC）INRS的高级激光光源（ALLS）设施的高峰功率激光器从200 TW升级到750 TW。这种新的基础设施已准备就绪（2015年10月），具有更高的能量（高达12 J），脉冲持续时间更短（16 fs）。它将为实现接近1023 W/cm 2的靶强度和探索高领域前沿科学提供前所未有的机会。新的ALLS基础设施和拟议的研究计划将有助于保持加拿大在一个非常有竞争力的和新颖的科学的前沿。拟议的计划包括两个主要方向的相互作用的非常高的激光场与等离子体，并被视为一个更复杂的实验，更强大的激光（多PW）在更高的强度在QED制度的背景。 第一个子程序的目的是探索，在一个受控的几何形状，在等离子体中的电子上的强纵向振荡电场的效果。这种场将是复杂强场QED体系的关键组成部分。我们将直接研究径向极化（TM 01模）750 TW电子束通过紧聚焦产生的纵向场对电子的加速。电子将由来自定位在焦斑内的质量受限目标的主激光脉冲直接产生和加速，或者由来自由第一束预形成的等离子体加速并以适当的延迟注入焦体积中。将建立作为激光脉冲持续时间（下至接近单周期脉冲）和聚焦数值孔径的函数的标度律，以进行基准建模。 第二个子计划是关于辐射主导的等离子体的产生和研究。将从极薄的箔中产生被加热到极端温度（比能量密度> 106 MJ/kg）的热的致密物质，以研究辐射主导的区域和非常高的E和B振荡场是关键参数的区域中的原子物理学的未探索区域。将用高分辨率X射线光谱学研究原子物理学（电离动力学、平衡）以及短波长辐射（直至伽马射线范围）的产生和影响。等离子体动力学将使用飞秒电子感应加速器辐射在飞秒时间尺度上进行探测，以实现有史以来第一个飞秒时间分辨的非常热的致密物质的X射线吸收光谱。 该科学计划涉及复杂的工具和方法，其中大部分已经由申请人的团队进行了测试，以产生足够的目标，在阿秒和飞秒时间尺度上测量电子束，并在高斯和奇异模式下在时间和频率上形成光束。