Upgrades to the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider

大型强子对撞机 ATLAS 探测器的升级

• 批准号: SAPEQ-2016-00015
• 负责人: Krieger, Peter
• 金额: $ 16.03万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=616789
• 关键词: Upgrades; ATLAS; Detector; Large; Hadron

The funds requested here are in support of R&D efforts targeted at upgrades of the ATLAS detectorat the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, to ensure that the performance of the detector is maintainedinto the so-called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, when the luminosity (related to the beam intensityand collision rate) will be up to 7.5 times that for which the LHC and ATLAS were originally designed.The future LHC program has been affirmed as the top priority of European particle physics, and the future ofLHC and ATLAS operations is secure. The ATLAS detector requires upgrades to operate at the increased rates expected at the HL-LHC, and maintaining Canadian involvement in ATLAS includes significant Canadianparticipation in this upgrade program.Collisions at the HL-LHC will result in a larger number of particles in ATLAS, with a corresponding increases in the amount of energy deposited. ATLAS was not designed for this environment, and some parts of it willneed to be upgraded. The Inner Detector, which tracks the trajectories of charged particles, will need to entirely replaced. The new detector, called the ITk, will be built entirely of silicon detector modules.This will be an enormous effort, requiring the involvement of about half of the ATLAS institutes.The Liquid Argon Calorimeter, where the bulk of the Canadian contributions to the original detector weremade, will also need some upgrades. The readout electronics will need to be entirely replaced. Also, the partof this device which sits closest to the LHC proton beams, the forward calorimeter (FCal), which was partiallybuilt in Canada, will not operate properly at the HL-LHC; a number of options for dealing with this problemare under investigation.The Canadian group proposes to be involved in the construction of the tracker upgrade (ITk) and to contribute to the upgrades of the Liquid Argon Calorimeter readout electronics and to whatever upgrade plan is adopted inthe region of the forward calorimeter. The electronics work would follow on naturally from Phase-I upgrade work that the group is already involved in. Because a decision on the FCal upgrade is not expected until June 2016, very little of the funds requested here are for that part of the work; we anticipate including this in a second RTI request to be submitted in 2016.The bulk of the request is for the purchase of parts (silicon sensors, ASICs, electronics boards) for theconstruction of prototype modules for the ITk, and for equipment necessary for the construction and testingof these modules. This is a necessary step in the “site-validation” process being developed for selectingthe ITk module construction sites. The Canadian group plans to build 1000 of the 20000 modules needed forthe “Strips” portion of this detector. For site qualification, funds are requested here for the productionof 20 prototype modules at each of two proposed Canadian sites (Toronto, Vancouver).

这里要求的资金用于支持欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机（LHC）ATLAS探测器升级的研发工作，以确保探测器的性能进入所谓的高亮度LHC（HL-LHC）阶段，当亮度（与光束强度和碰撞率有关）将是LHC和ATLAS最初设计的7.5倍，未来的LHC计划已被确认为欧洲粒子物理学的重中之重，LHC和ATLAS的未来也是安全的ATLAS探测器需要升级以达到HL-LHC预期的更高速率运行，而保持加拿大在ATLAS的参与包括加拿大在这一升级计划中的重要参与。HL-LHC的碰撞将导致ATLAS中更多的粒子，相应地增加能量沉积量。ATLAS不是为这种环境设计的，它的某些部分需要升级。追踪带电粒子轨迹的内部探测器将需要完全更换。新的探测器被称为ITk，将完全由硅探测器模块构成。这将是一项巨大的努力，需要ATLAS研究所大约一半的参与。液体氩量热计，加拿大对原始探测器的大部分贡献，也需要一些升级。读出电子设备将需要完全更换。此外，该装置中最靠近大型强子对撞机质子束的部分，即部分在加拿大建造的前向量热计（FCal），将不能在HL-LHC上正常工作;目前正在研究处理这一问题的多种选择，加拿大研究小组建议参与跟踪器升级（ITk）的建设并有助于液氩量热计读出电子设备的升级和在前向量热计区域采用的任何升级计划。电子工作将自然地从该小组已经参与的第一阶段升级工作开始。由于预计要到2016年6月才能就FCal升级作出决定，因此这里要求的资金很少用于这部分工作;我们预计在2016年提交的第二份RTI申请中包括这一点，其中大部分申请用于购买部件（硅传感器、ASIC、电子板），用于ITk原型模块的建造，以及建造和测试这些模块所需的设备。这是为选择ITk模块建设地点而开发的“地点确认”过程中的一个必要步骤。加拿大小组计划建立1000的20000模块所需的“条”的一部分，这一探测器。对于工厂资格，此处需要资金，用于在两个拟议的加拿大工厂（多伦多、温哥华）生产20个原型模块。