Upgrades to the ATLAS Detector at the LHC

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The funds requested here are in support of R&D efforts targeted at upgrades of the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, to ensure that the performance of the detector is maintained into the so-called High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, when the luminosity (related to the beam intensity and collision rate) will be up to 7.5 times that for which the LHC and ATLAS were originally designed. The future LHC program has been affirmed as the top priority of European particle physics, and the future of LHC and ATLAS operations is secure. The ATLAS detector requires upgrades to operate at the increased rates expected at the HL-LHC, and maintaining Canadian involvement in ATLAS includes significant Canadian participation in this upgrade program. Collisions at the HL-LHC will result in a larger number of particles in ATLAS, with a corresponding increases in the amount of energy deposited. ATLAS was not designed for this environment, and some parts of it will need to be upgraded. The Inner Detector, which tracks the trajectories of charged particles, will need to entirely replaced. The new detector, called the ITk, will be built entirely of silicon detector modules. This will be an enormous effort, requiring the involvement of about half of the ATLAS institutes. The Liquid Argon Calorimeter, where the bulk of the Canadian contributions to the original detector were made, will also need some upgrades; to adapt to the higher rate, and the anticipated integrated radiation dose, the readout electronics will need to be entirely replaced. The Canadian group plans to be involved in the construction of the tracker upgrade (ITk) and to contribute to the upgrades of the Liquid Argon Calorimeter readout electronics. The electronics work would follow on naturally from Phase-I upgrade work that the group is already involved in. Funds are requested here for related R&D. About half of the request is for the purchase of components (silicon sensors, ASICs, electronics boards) for prototype ITk silicon-strip modules, and for equipment necessary for the production and testing of these modules. This is a required step in the ATLAS “site-validation” process being developed for the ITk module construction sites. The Canadian group plans to build 1500 of the roughly 18000 modules needed for the “Strips” portion of this detector, at two sites, one centred at Toronto and the other at TRIUMF in Vancouver. For site qualification, funds are requested here for the production and testing of 15 prototype modules at the western site. Support for the qualification of the eastern site was provided in last year’s competition. We additionally request funds for R&D related to the development of shipping containers for the silicon modules, and other test equipment for components and sensors, e.g. crates for long-term testing of the hybrid boards that form the first stage of the ITk readout.