Particle Physics Phenomenology: Understanding The Standard Model and Searching for What Lies Beyond

粒子物理现象学：理解标准模型并寻找超越的东西

• 批准号: SAPIN-2016-00041
• 负责人: Godfrey, Stephen
• 金额: $ 5.1万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=617845
• 关键词: Particle; Physics; Phenomenology; Understanding; Standard

The goal of particle physics is to understand the fundamental particles that make up everything in the universe and their interactions. We currently have a model called the standard model that works remarkably well in describing all the known elementary particles and their interactions. Yet we know that it can't be the final theory because of both theoretical inconsistencies in the standard model and the observation of phenomena that it cannot explain such as the existence of "dark matter" that makes up roughly 85% of the matter in the universe. My research focuses on new theories of particle physics that attempt to address these problems. I work in phenomenology which makes predictions based on theoretical models that can be tested by experiment and attempts to construct theoretical models to explain experimental results. It is a very exciting time to be working in this field. The Large Hadron Collider, operating at the CERN laboratory in Geneva, is probing the highest energy scales ever probed by accelerator based experiments so that the physics community is anticipating new results that might help us understand what lies beyond the standard model. There is also a constant stream of new results on dark matter ranging from accelerator based limits on dark matter production, direct detection experiments such as DEAP which is situated in SNOLab in Sudbury to astrophysical observations. There is an exciting interplay between constructing theories and confronting all these new experimental results. This requires detailed calculations of the expectations of these models. This is the focus of my research, to construct models that can explain these phenomena and new discoveries as they arise, to calculate the experimental signals predicted by these models and to develop strategies that experimentalists can use to find these signals. This interplay between theory and experiment is crucial to making advances in our understanding of the fundamental interactions.

粒子物理的目的是了解构成宇宙中所有物体及其相互作用的基本粒子。我们目前有一个称为标准模型的模型，该模型在描述所有已知的基本粒子及其相互作用方面非常有效。然而，我们知道这不能是最终理论，因为标准模型中的理论不一致以及对现象的观察，它无法解释诸如“暗物质”的存在，占宇宙中物质的85％。我的研究重点是试图解决这些问题的粒子物理学的新理论。我在现象学领域工作，该现象学基于理论模型进行预测，可以通过实验测试，并尝试构建理论模型来解释实验结果。在这个领域工作是一个非常激动人心的时刻。在日内瓦的CERN实验室运营的大型强子对撞机正在探测基于加速器的实验探索的最高能量量表，以便物理学界正在预期新的结果，这些结果可能有助于我们了解超出标准模型的内容。关于暗物质，从基于加速器的暗物质生产的限制，直接检测实验（例如DEAP）（位于萨德伯里（Sudbury）的Snolab中的DEAP）到天体物理观测值等直接检测实验，还有一系列新的结果。在构建理论和面对所有这些新的实验结果之间存在令人兴奋的相互作用。这需要详细计算这些模型的期望。这是我研究的重点，构建可以解释这些现象和新发现的模型，以计算这些模型预测的实验信号，并制定实验者可以使用这些信号的策略。理论与实验之间的这种相互作用对于在我们对基本相互作用的理解方面取得进步至关重要。