Winter operational and maintenance best management practices (BMPs) for permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP)

透水联锁混凝土摊铺机（PICP）是一种可持续的路面系统，用于现场渗透和处理雨水。作为传统沥青路面的替代产品，PICP是一项重要的技术，可以帮助减少城市洪水和污染。作为一种路面和雨水系统，PICP需要与传统的不透水路面不同的操作和维护方法。在加拿大，由于缺乏经过验证的运营实践和维护解决方案来支持路面的长期功能，PICP在商业、机构和住宅应用中的采用受到严重阻碍。该项目汇集了三个行业合作伙伴和一个监管机构。合作伙伴包括联锁混凝土路面研究所（ICPI），布兰普顿砖，拉法基加拿大和多伦多和地区保护局（TRCA）。拟议的研究将调查两种操作场景的最佳管理实践：（1）冬季操作和（2）水力再生。在冬季，PICP表面上融化的雪和冰渗透到下面的底基层中，防止在表面上形成黑冰。因此，PICP表面将需要与传统沥青不同（并且可能更少）的除冰应用率。本研究将检验这一假设，并确定典型PICP路面所需的除冰/防冰类型和数量。多年来，PICP表面失去渗透能力，因为沉积物积聚堵塞路面。目前行业推荐的维护做法（真空清扫）对大多数PICP业主来说并不实用，也不能提供可接受的修复水平。如果不加以解决，缺乏可行和有效的维护方案可能会阻止加拿大社区使用PICP进行雨水管理。本研究的后半部分将测试预处理实践的有效性，以最大限度地提高水力再生。这项工作的目标是为加拿大的PICP行业开发定制的运营和维护最佳管理实践（BMP）。

Permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP) are a sustainable pavement system for on-site infiltration and treatment of stormwater. As an alternative product to traditional asphalt pavements PICP is an important technology that can help reduce urban flooding and pollution. As a pavement and stormwater system PICP requires different operational and maintenance practices than traditional impermeable pavements. In Canada, the adoption of PICP for commercial, institutional and residential application is significantly hindered by a lack of proven operational practices and maintenance solutions to support long term functionality of the pavement. This project brings together three industrial partners and one regulatory body. Partners include the Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute (ICPI), Brampton Brick, Lafarge Canada and the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA). The proposed research will investigate promising best management practices for two operational scenarios: (1) winter operations and (2) hydraulic rejuvenation. During the winter melted snow and ice on a PICP surface infiltrates to underlying subbase preventing black ice from forming on the surface. As a result, PICP surface will require different (and possibly less) de-icing application rates than conventional asphalt. This study will test this hypothesis and determine the type and amount of de-icing/anti-icing required for a typical PICP pavement. Over the years a PICP surface loses infiltration capacity as sediments accumulate clogging the pavement surface. Current recommended maintenance practices by industry (vacuum sweeping) are not practical for most PICP owners and do not provide an acceptable level of restoration. If left unadressed, the lack of feasible and effective maintenance options will likely prevent the use of PICP for stormwater management in Canadian communities. The second half of this study will test the effectiveness of pre-treatment practices to maximize hydraulic rejuvenation. The goal of this work is to develop customized operational and maintenance best management practices (BMPs) for the PICP industry in Canada.