NSERC/UNENE Industrial Research Chair in Corrosion control and materials performance in nuclear power systems

NSERC/UNENE 核电系统腐蚀控制和材料性能工业研究主席

• 批准号: 311642-2013
• 负责人: Newman, Roger
• 金额: $ 7.66万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Industrial Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=619337
• 关键词: NSERC; UNENE; Industrial; Research; Chair

The materials used in nuclear power plants must withstand extremes of temperature, stress, radiation andchemical environment. This IRC programme addresses the degradation mechanisms of metallic alloys, withparticular emphasis on the combined action of stress and corrosion, which can lead to stress corrosion cracking(SCC).Huge strides have been made in the prevention and management of corrosion and SCC in nuclear powersystems, but much remains to be understood. In particular, we are always concerned about the possibility ofdelayed onset of degradation. This necessitates an understanding of the microscopic details of how corrosionevents and cracks get started. Most of the materials we study are alloys, and every alloying element can affectcorrosion and SCC. A topical issue is the performance of Alloy 800, which is a kind of stainless steel, but withhigher content of nickel and chromium than the ordinary kitchen-sink variety. Small buttons of lab-meltedalloys will be used alongside commercial alloys to explore the detailed dependence of corrosion behaviour onalloy composition. Two of the water impurities to be studied are sulfur and lead, which have distinct butanalogous effects on corrosion. The IRC programme will also address a number of other corrosion issues, withsome flexibility as industry needs evolve.Advances in microscopy and small-scale chemical analysis have greatly advanced our understanding of SCC.The electron microscopy facility at McMaster University has been an invaluable resource, and collaborationwill continue. But now the University of Toronto has acquired a state-of-the-art facility, OCCAM, formicroscopy and chemical analysis at the nanoscale. This resource will play a key role in the renewed IRCprogramme

核电站使用的材料必须能承受极端的温度、应力、辐射和化学环境。该IRC计划解决了金属合金的降解机制，特别强调应力和腐蚀的联合作用，这可能导致应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）。在核电系统中的腐蚀和SCC的预防和管理方面已经取得了巨大的进步，但仍有许多有待理解。特别是，我们总是担心延迟开始退化的可能性。这就需要了解腐蚀和裂纹是如何开始的微观细节。我们研究的大多数材料都是合金，而每一种合金元素都会影响腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂.一个热门话题是800合金的性能，这是一种不锈钢，但镍和铬的含量高于普通的厨房水槽品种。实验室熔化的合金的小按钮将与商业合金一起使用，以探索腐蚀行为对合金成分的详细依赖性。要研究的两种水杂质是硫和铅，它们对腐蚀有明显的丁基效应。IRC计划还将解决一些其他腐蚀问题，并随着行业需求的发展而具有一定的灵活性。显微镜和小规模化学分析的进步极大地促进了我们对SCC的理解。麦克马斯特大学的电子显微镜设备是一个宝贵的资源，合作将继续下去。但是现在多伦多大学已经获得了最先进的设备，OCCAM，纳米级的显微镜和化学分析。这一资源将在更新后的IRC方案中发挥关键作用