NSERC/UNENE Industrial Research Chair in Corrosion control and materials performance in nuclear power systems

核电站使用的材料必须能够承受极端的温度、压力、辐射和**化学环境。该IRC计划解决了金属合金的退化机制，特别强调了应力和腐蚀的联合作用，这可能导致应力腐蚀开裂**。**在防止和管理核电系统的腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂方面取得了巨大进展**但仍有许多有待了解的地方。特别是，我们一直对**延迟开始退化的可能性感到关切。这就需要了解腐蚀事件和裂缝是如何开始的微观细节。我们研究的大多数材料都是合金，每种合金元素都会影响腐蚀和应力腐蚀。一个热门的问题是合金800的性能，这是一种不锈钢，但镍和铬的含量**高于普通的厨房水槽。实验室熔化的**合金的小按钮将与商业合金一起使用，以探索腐蚀行为与**合金成分的详细关系。要研究的两种水杂质是硫和铅，它们对腐蚀有不同但**相似的影响。IRC计划还将解决许多其他腐蚀问题，**随着行业需求的发展**有一定的灵活性。**显微镜和小规模化学分析的进步极大地促进了我们对SCC的理解。**麦克马斯特大学的电子显微镜设施是一个宝贵的资源，合作**将继续**。但现在，多伦多大学收购了一家名为Occam的最先进的设备，用于**纳米级的显微镜和化学分析。这一资源将在更新的IRC**方案中发挥关键作用

The materials used in nuclear power plants must withstand extremes of temperature, stress, radiation and**chemical environment. This IRC programme addresses the degradation mechanisms of metallic alloys, with**particular emphasis on the combined action of stress and corrosion, which can lead to stress corrosion cracking**(SCC).**Huge strides have been made in the prevention and management of corrosion and SCC in nuclear power**systems, but much remains to be understood. In particular, we are always concerned about the possibility of**delayed onset of degradation. This necessitates an understanding of the microscopic details of how corrosion**events and cracks get started. Most of the materials we study are alloys, and every alloying element can affect**corrosion and SCC. A topical issue is the performance of Alloy 800, which is a kind of stainless steel, but with**higher content of nickel and chromium than the ordinary kitchen-sink variety. Small buttons of lab-melted**alloys will be used alongside commercial alloys to explore the detailed dependence of corrosion behaviour on**alloy composition. Two of the water impurities to be studied are sulfur and lead, which have distinct but**analogous effects on corrosion. The IRC programme will also address a number of other corrosion issues, with**some flexibility as industry needs evolve.**Advances in microscopy and small-scale chemical analysis have greatly advanced our understanding of SCC.**The electron microscopy facility at McMaster University has been an invaluable resource, and collaboration**will continue. But now the University of Toronto has acquired a state-of-the-art facility, OCCAM, for**microscopy and chemical analysis at the nanoscale. This resource will play a key role in the renewed IRC**programme