Environmental and hormonal control of seed development and germination

种子发育和发芽的环境和激素控制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05980
• 负责人: Gazzarrini, Sonia
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=628898
• 关键词: Environmental; hormonal; control; seed; development

Plants face a multitude of biotic and abiotic stresses due to their sessile nature and have evolved various strategies through which they can effectively balance growth and defense against stressors. A strategy employed by plants is to maintain an appropriate hormone balance at any given moment. Plant hormones are small molecules whose signaling pathways interact, together forming a complex crosstalk network that regulates the plant’s response to environmental stressors. The hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is critical for initiating a stress response within the plant, inhibiting growth and promoting survival under various stresses. Regardless of the type of stress that plants are exposed to, the result is energy deprivation that activates energy sensors to maintain energy homeostasis. SnRK1 (Sucrose non-fermenting Related Kinase1) is the plant ortholog of yeast Snf1 and mammalian AMPK energy sensors. Notably, AMPK is a metabolic tumour suppressor, currently a target for cancer and diabetes treatment and prevention. SnRK1 activation induces large transcriptional reprogramming under metabolic stress to conserve energy. Despite the pivotal role of these essential kinase complexes in energy homeostasis, few targets are known. SnRK1 and ABA signaling pathways intersect during stress responses to promote survival, however, the mechanism of this interaction is unclear.

由于其固着性质，植物面临着多种生物和非生物胁迫，并且已经进化出各种策略，通过这些策略，它们可以有效地平衡生长和防御胁迫。植物采用的策略是在任何特定时刻保持适当的激素平衡。植物激素是小分子，其信号通路相互作用，共同形成复杂的串扰网络，调节植物对环境压力的反应。激素脱落酸 (ABA) 对于启动植物内的应激反应、抑制生长和促进各种应激下的存活至关重要。无论植物面临何种类型的胁迫，其结果都是能量匮乏，从而激活能量传感器以维持能量稳态。 SnRK1（蔗糖非发酵相关激酶1）是酵母 Snf1 和哺乳动物 AMPK 能量传感器的植物直系同源物。值得注意的是，AMPK 是一种代谢肿瘤抑制因子，目前是癌症和糖尿病治疗和预防的靶点。 SnRK1 激活在代谢应激下诱导大量转录重编程以节省能量。尽管这些必需激酶复合物在能量稳态中发挥着关键作用，但我们所知的靶标却很少。 SnRK1 和 ABA 信号通路在应激反应期间交叉以促进生存，然而，这种相互作用的机制尚不清楚。