Basic processes in visual word identification

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The ability to read is a skill that is essential to modern living. This skill is acquired, and even university students vary widely in how skilled they are. This skill is also intimately related to attention and automaticity. I hold the view that individual properties of “automaticity” need to be investigated separately. For example, many processes are automatic in the restricted sense that they are unconscious, but the extent to which they use or require different kinds of attention (e.g., spatial attention; central attention; executive attention), are issues that need individual investigation.