Appetite regulation in humans: effect of sex hormones and exercise intensity

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

The idea that exercise may produce fat loss without dietary intervention is controversial, as aerobic exercise alone frequently results in fat loss in males but is less effective in females. Recently, we demonstrated an intense model of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) known as sprint interval training (SIT; 4-6 repeated “all-out” 30 s efforts separated by 4 min active rest) induced fat loss in both males and females. However, the magnitude of the fat loss was greater in males. To explore the mechanism for the ability of interval training to induce fat loss, we measured post-exercise metabolism over 24 h across three experimental sessions (no exercise, SIT, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise). Despite the drastically reduced exercise volume (2 min of exercise SIT vs 30 min aerobic), SIT induced a small but prolonged increase in post-exercise metabolism, which likely contributes to the SIT-induced fat loss. However, this increase in post-exercise metabolism is similar across sex. This suggests sex hormones and exercise intensity affect appetite-regulation.