Physiological mechanisms of dyspnea: role of neural respiratory drive

呼吸困难的生理机制：神经呼吸驱动的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04918
• 负责人: Jensen, Dennis
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631532
• 关键词: Physiological; mechanisms; dyspnea; role; neural

“Dyspnea” refers to the subjective awareness of breathing discomfort experienced by humans under conditions of physical stress such as exercise. In the general population and in patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disease, the symptom of dyspnea has emerged as a very strong indepenent predictor of disability and death. Indeed, approximately 10% of adults in the general population and up to 75% of adults with advanced chronic obstructive lung disease report experiencing dyspnea so severe that it impairs their ability to participate in regular physical activity. Despite the high burden and impact of dyspnea, the underlying cause(s) of this symptom remain poorly understood and largely understudied. Thus, the general aim of the proposed research program is to better understand the complex physiological mechanisms of dyspnea in human subjects by (1) assessing the effects of experimentally manipulating the drive to breathe on ratings of perceived dyspnea during exercise, (2) assessing the separate effects of inspiratory elastic and inspiratory resistive loading on the relationship between the drive to breathe and ratings of perceived dyspnea during exercise and (3) determining whether the origin of increased drive to breath influences the perception of dyspnea. Future therapies that lead to more effective relief of dyspnea in human subjects from health to chronic cardiopulmonary disease await a better understanding of the precise physiological mechanisms of this prevalent, complex and potentially disabling symptom, which will emerge as a result of this NSERC Discovery research program.

“呼吸困难”是指人类在运动等身体压力条件下所经历的呼吸不适的主观意识。在普通人群和慢性心肺疾病患者中，呼吸困难症状已成为残疾和死亡的非常有力的独立预测因素。事实上，普通人群中大约 10% 的成年人和高达 75% 的患有晚期慢性阻塞性肺病的成年人报告说，他们经历过严重的呼吸困难，以至于损害了他们参加常规体育活动的能力。尽管呼吸困难的负担和影响很大，但这种症状的根本原因仍然知之甚少，并且在很大程度上没有得到充分研究。因此，拟议研究计划的总体目标是通过以下方式更好地理解人类受试者呼吸困难的复杂生理机制：（1）评估实验性操纵呼吸驱动力对运动期间感知呼吸困难评级的影响，（2）评估吸气弹性和吸气阻力负荷对运动期间呼吸驱动力和感知呼吸困难评级之间关系的单独影响，以及（3）确定 呼吸动力增加的来源是否会影响呼吸困难的感觉。未来能够更有效地缓解从健康到慢性心肺疾病的人类受试者的呼吸困难的治疗方法等待更好地了解这种普遍、复杂和潜在致残症状的精确生理机制，这将是 NSERC Discovery 研究项目的结果。