Functional diversity in extreme marine environments

极端海洋环境中的功能多样性

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2016-03805
负责人：
Tunnicliffe, Verena
金额：
$ 2.7万
依托单位：
University of Victoria
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631890
关键词：
Functional diversity extreme marine environments

项目摘要

There is growing concern over anthropogenic impacts on the deep ocean, home of the world’s largest and most poorly known ecosystems. This programme will develop and apply functional ecology approaches in two ecosystems to assess responses to human activities and global changes. Functional diversity is a useful tool for comparing communities in different habitats and regions. The animals endemic to hydrothermal vents on tectonic spreading ridges are adapted to extreme habitat conditions. A Canadian company plans to start deep-sea mining in 2017 in the South Pacific targeting the metal-rich chimney deposits that form much of the habitat at long-lived sites. My work has amassed decades of data on hydrothermal vent diversity and animal characteristics, especially off the Canadian coast. Our work will develop functional trait approaches to compare abundance-based diversity indices at vent sites along the Juan de Fuca/Explorer Ridges. With funded cruises at vent sites off Tonga (one a mining prospect), we will use the refined methods to examine functional diversity between high versus low “quality” mine targets. A third field site lies in another biogeographic region (Mariana) where the same techniques will support a pan-Pacific functional diversity comparison. Studies on key species, particularly the large animals that host symbionts, will extend known functional traits and facilitate inter-region comparisons. We collaborate with other researchers to amass data and test analyses; it will be the first to make a full functional assessment of the hot vent system with an open access trait database.

人们对世界上最大，最鲜为人知的生态系统的故乡人为影响的人为影响越来越关注。该计划将在两个生态系统中开发并应用功能生态学方法，以评估对人类活动和全球变化的反应。功能多样性是比较不同栖息地和地区中社区的有用工具。这些动物在构造山脊上吸热到水热通风孔适合极端栖息地条件。一家加拿大公司计划于2017年在南太平洋进行深海开采，以富含金属的烟囱矿床，这些烟囱矿床在长寿地点构成了许多栖息地。我的工作已经积累了数十年的水热通风多样性和动物特征，尤其是在加拿大海岸附近的数据。我们的工作将开发功能性状方法，以比较Juan de Fuca/Explorer Ridges的通风口的基于抽象的多样性指数。借助汤加（Tonga）的通风口巡游（一个采矿前景），我们将使用精致的方法来检查高“质量”矿山目标之间的功能多样性。第三场现场位于另一个生物地理区域（Mariana），相同技术将支持泛太平洋功能多样性比较。对关键物种的研究，尤其是托有符号的大动物，将扩展已知的功能性状并促进区域间比较。我们与其他研究人员合作积累数据和测试分析；这将是第一个使用开放访问性状数据库对热通风系统进行全面功能评估的人。