Extreme environments in a changing ocean

海洋正在经历迅速的变化，对海洋生态系统产生了戏剧性的后果。这项拟议的工作考察了在极端情况下海底群落的破坏情况：火山喷发、喷口和侵蚀缺氧(无氧)水造成的栖息地破坏。我们将研究Disrupt，在其中检查动物、种群和社区对极端压力的反应，以了解反应和适应。由于富营养化和气候变暖，许多沿海地区正在失去氧气。在低氧环境下工作--西海岸峡湾和高温喷口--我们将确定野外几个物种的限制条件。新的海底观测站(金星和加拿大海王星)使人们能够直接接触到产生细微尺度变化长期记录的仪器和照相机。我们将研究变异性如何影响底栖物种对缺氧影响的耐受性。随着缺氧(低氧)的扩大，它压缩了现有的海底栖息地，因此我们可以研究物种之间的相互作用。随着低氧水平的变化，遥控飞行器将绘制物种分布图；同样，我们可以使用相机和传感器记录炎热喷口中移动动物的变化，以记录最极端的变异性、反应和迁徙条件。 我们还将通过检查火山喷发、湍流喷口和沿海水域的形态、繁殖和招募战略来研究种群对压力的适应。我们将利用长期记录和新的监测技术来研究不列颠哥伦比亚省海岸的变暖和氧气消耗，并研究30年来动物分布的变化。我们的目标是预测对栖息地退化等应激源的反应和适应，并提供经现场验证的群落变化模型。这项工作将与其他学科的研究人员联系，以了解与物理、地质、化学和微生物过程的联系。

The oceans are undergoing rapid change that have dramatic consequences for ocean ecosystems. This proposed work examines the disruption of seafloor communities in extreme circumstances: volcanic eruptions, venting and habitat destruction from encroachment of anoxic (no oxygen) water. We will study disrupted in which to examine animal, population and community responses to extreme stress to understand responses and adaptations. Many coastal areas are losing oxygen because of eutrophication and warming. Working in low oxygen settings - a west coast fjord and at hot vents - we will determine the limiting conditions for several species in the field. New seafloor observatories (VENUS and NEPTUNE Canada) allow direct access to instruments and cameras yielding long-term records of fine-scale variability. We will examine how variability affects tolerance to anoxic influences for bottom dwelling species. As hypoxia (low oxygen) expands, it compresses available seafloor habitat thus we can study how species will interact. Remotely operated vehicles will map species distributions as hypoxic levels change; similarly, we can document changes in mobile animals at hot vents using cameras and sensors to document the most extreme conditions of variability, response and migration. We will also look at population adaptations to stress by examining morphological, reproductive and recruitment strategies on an erupting volcano, in turbulence venting and in coastal waters. We will exploit long-term records and new monitoring techniques to examine warming and oxygen depletion on the BC coast and examine changes in animal distributions over 30 years. Our goal is to predict responses and adaptations to stressors such as habitat degradation and provide field-validated models of community changes. This effort will interface with researchers in other disciplines to understand linkages to physical, geological, chemical and microbial processes.