Impacts of multiple interacting stressors on the environment: Investigating the fate, transport, and dynamic relationships between contaminant and nutrient cycles

导致淡水富营养化的水质问题是一个迅速加剧的全球关切问题，最近五大湖富营养化状况的加剧引起了国际关注。元素循环，碳制度和代谢过程正在发生变化，我们对这些变化对大型湖泊系统的长期影响知之甚少。五大湖占北美淡水供应量的85%以上，并有水质问题的历史，在20世纪70年代初达到顶峰，伊利湖的文化富营养化。磷酸盐输入被认为是导致富营养化的关键因素，刺激了环境政策的变化，导致富营养化下降，直到20世纪90年代。 然而，最近蓝藻水华的增加为伊利湖的再富营养化提供了证据。尽管有许多协调努力试图将富营养化与磷动态联系起来，但越来越清楚的是，这个问题的重要性和复杂性已经超出了简单的磷限制机制。

Water quality issues that lead to freshwater eutrophication are a rapidly intensifying global concern and the recent increase in eutrophic conditions in the Great Lakes has gained international attention. Elemental cycles, carbon regimes and metabolic processes are changing and we have little insight into the long-term effect these changes will have on large lake systems. The Great Lakes account for over 85% of North America’s freshwater supply and have had a history of water quality problems that peaked in the early 1970’s with cultural eutrophication in Lake Erie. Phosphate inputs were identified as a critical factor causing eutrophication that stimulated changes in environmental policies that led to a decline in eutrophication through to the 1990’s. However, recent rises in cyanobacteria blooms provide evidence for the re-eutrophication of Lake Erie. Despite many coordinated efforts that attempt to link eutrophication to phosphorus dynamics, it is becoming clear that the magnitude and complexity of this issue has moved beyond a simple phosphate-limited mechanism.