The Effects of Locality on Efficient Distributed Computation

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We live in an era of increasing connectivity. The days where computation happens at a single machine are coming to an end, and now our systems often comprise of a set of independent devices that have to interact to accomplish a goal without a central coordinator. This shift has introduced many new challenges and has forced us to think about algorithms and computation in a different way. One central issue that is unique to distributed algorithm design is that of "locality", a term that means that each device might have very limited information about the entire system, or can only view and communicate with other nearby devices.