Adaptive layers: towards intelligent design in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Electrochemical energy conversion provides a feasible path toward clean energy systems without fossil fuels. The low temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can enable such an energy system because they convert chemical energy into electrical power without combustion, at high efficiency, and with no emissions at the point of use. They can be used in mobile, portable, and stationary power applications. The proposed research program has the potential for breakthroughs in three related areas: (1) New PEMFC characterization methods that are unique in Canada, and improve inadequate theories by providing currently unavailable data (e.g., connections between structure and function, improvements to the theories for capillary transport through porous media, etc.), (2) New fuel cell materials that, for the first time, are designed with spatial control over their structures and interfaces, and can adapt their functions to changes in the operating conditions (temperature, current load, potential, relative humidity, etc.), and (3) Non-planar fuel cell topologies that enable power density increases, provide flexibility in design, and link the benefits of new micro- and nanostructures to realistic mass production schemes. The research program will train one postdoctoral fellow, four graduate students and five undergraduate students in the areas of electrochemistry, PEMFC characterization, design of experiments, nanotechnology, heat and mass transport, and fuel cell design. These related skills are transferable to many industries in areas of strategic importance for BC and for Canada. The research and training programs will benefit from effective working relationships with international partners and local fuel cell companies. The latter are well positioned to benefit from the planned research outcomes, the highly qualified personnel, and the clean energy applications beyond zero-emission vehicles.