How biomechanical factors and compensatory strategies influence joint contact forces?

生物力学因素和补偿策略如何影响关节接触力？

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06001
• 负责人: Turcot, Katia
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=638517
• 关键词: How; biomechanical; factors; compensatory; strategies

Many studies have reported that individual characteristics (e.g., age, sex, genetic factors) and differences in biomechanical factors (e.g., body weight, mechanical alignment) may predispose the joint to degenerative diseases. Studies also report that some compensatory strategies (e.g., increased toe-out angle, increase trunk lean) are often adopted by individuals during daily activities (consciously or not) to cope with joint disorders in order to minimize pain. To quantify the efficiency of these strategies, authors generally reported the reduction of lower joint moments during gait. However, recent studies have questioned the real impact of these parameters on the minimization of joint contact forces. Based on our knowledge, little is known about the influence of compensatory strategies as well as their interaction with biomechanical factors on joint integrity (i.e., the preservation of joint integrity could be represented as the result of optimal distribution of loads on joint contact surfaces) during functional tasks (e.g., stair ascent and descent, sit-to-stand transition).

许多研究报告说，个人特征（例如，年龄、性别、遗传因素）和生物力学因素的差异（例如，体重、机械排列）可能使关节易患退行性疾病。研究还报告说，一些补偿战略（例如，增加脚趾外伸角度、增加躯干倾斜度）通常被个体在日常活动中（有意识或无意识地）采用以科普关节紊乱，从而使疼痛最小化。为了量化这些策略的有效性，作者通常报告了步态期间下关节力矩的减少。然而，最近的研究质疑这些参数对关节接触力最小化的真实的影响。根据我们的知识，关于代偿策略的影响以及它们与生物力学因素对关节完整性的相互作用（即，关节完整性的保持可以表示为关节接触表面上载荷的最佳分布的结果）在功能任务期间（例如，楼梯上升和下降，坐到站过渡）。