Bench-Scale RO Systems for Potable Reuse

用于饮用水再利用的小型反渗透系统

• 批准号: 517795-2017
• 负责人: deLannoy, CharlesFrançois
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=639919
• 关键词: Bench; Scale; RO; Systems; Potable

Water is the most important resource for humanity. Yet, abundant and safe drinking water is not available toover 60% of the world's population. The availability of potable water is under threat with growing globalpopulations, over-tapped ground water supplies, the continued contamination of fresh water sources, and thedrought-inducing impacts of climate change. Potable reuse is the process of treating wastewater to the level atwhich it can be safely consumed as drinking water. This process is critical to address global drinking watershortages, specifically in large municipal centers and/or drought-prone regions of the world. Treatment ofwastewater to produce drinking water must be done safely. In order to do this a combination of membranetreatment and UV disinfection has been proposed. Membrane treatment using a process train of microfiltration(MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes removes all the contaminants in wastewater. UV disinfection is thefinal process and it inactivates all bacteria and viruses that may remain in the post-membrane treated water.During the membrane filtration steps the membranes can become fouled by the constituents of wastewater. Toprevent RO membrane fouling during operation anti-scalants and anti-foulants, such as chloramine, areperiodically added to the feed water. These anti-scalants and anti-foulants, however, pass through themembrane and enter the final UV disinfection step. These anti-scalants and anti-foulants scavenge UV lightreducing UV transmittance. The UV disinfection has a decreased effectiveness when the UV transmittance isreduced, thereby necessitating a larger UV AOP system size to account for the potential UV scavenging. Theproposed project investigates new membranes that can reduce the amount of anti-foulants and anti-scalantsrequired, which will maximize the effectiveness of the UV disinfection process. Reducing anti-foulant andanti-scalant use will reduce the overall cost of treating wastewater for potable reuse.

水是人类最重要的资源。然而，世界上60%以上的人口得不到充足和安全的饮用水。由于全球人口不断增长、地下水供应被过度利用、淡水水源持续受到污染以及气候变化的干旱影响，饮用水的供应正受到威胁。饮用水再利用是将废水处理到可以作为饮用水安全饮用的水平的过程。这一进程对于解决全球饮用水短缺问题至关重要，尤其是在世界各大城市中心和/或干旱多发地区。生产饮用水的废水处理必须安全进行。为此，提出了膜处理和紫外线消毒相结合的方法。采用微滤(MF)和反渗透(RO)膜工艺的膜处理可去除废水中的所有污染物。紫外线消毒是最后一道工序，它可以灭活膜后处理后的水中可能残留的所有细菌和病毒。在膜过滤过程中，膜可能会被废水的成分污染。防止反渗透膜污染在运行过程中，会定期向给水中添加阻垢剂和氯胺等阻垢剂。然而，这些防烫剂和防污剂会穿过薄膜，进入最后的紫外线消毒步骤。这些防烫剂和防污剂清除紫外线，降低紫外线的透过率。当紫外线透过率降低时，紫外线消毒的有效性降低，从而需要更大的UV AOP系统尺寸来考虑潜在的紫外线清除。拟议的项目研究新的膜，可以减少所需的防污剂和防垢剂的数量，这将使紫外线消毒过程的有效性最大化。减少防污剂和阻垢剂的使用将降低处理废水以供饮用水重复使用的总体成本。