High-Pressure UV-Curing Rheometer for Investigating Phase Change Flow

用于研究相变流的高压紫外固化流变仪

• 批准号: RTI-2018-00320
• 负责人: Servio, Phillip
• 金额: $ 10.93万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=642329
• 关键词: Pressure; UV; Curing; Rheometer; Investigating

Water is one of the most significant compounds in nature that is not only responsible for life but also plays a significant role in many processes related to energy and safety. Water can undergo two significant phase changes when it is exposed to the proper thermodynamic conditions and components: Ice and Gas Hydrate. Ice accretion on modern infrastructure such as aircrafts, ships, offshore oil platforms, wind turbines, telecommunications and power transmission lines jeopardizes their integrity and poses a significant safety hazard to operators and civilians alike. Gas hydrates on the other hand, are viewed as a new/alternative method to sustain our increasing energy demands and hence, our quality of life. Naturally occurring gas hydrates have enormous amounts of stored energy that exceeds conventional carbon reserves and mostly contain natural gas. The add-ons requested in this proposal to the existing High-Pressure Rheometer will provide a unique insight into the flow of water, in a liquid state, but also as a slurry with soft-solids (ice and hydrate). The range of temperatures and pressures with the custom unit described can be performed with only one other unit (in Austria, that we are aware of). This information is essential for the design of safe, economical, and environmentally responsible processes and facilities to deal with ice and hydrate-forming systems, as well as for the exploitation of in-situ methane hydrate as a future energy resource. Further enhancements to the rheometer include studying phase change materials using a UV curing system (to pattern surfaces) and an extensional rheometer tooling to again orient surfaces via extensional flow to observe the effect of patterned surfaces on ice accretion and related phenomena. A novel approach will be undertaken in this work, exploring the effects of nanomaterial surfaces and polymeric additives on both ice and gas hydrate forming systems. The goal is to elucidate the behavior of the flow of water in the presence of these surfaces and additives as it transitions to either ice or hydrate. The outcome of such work has the potential to place Canada at the forefront of technologies related to de-icing techniques that preclude ice accretion and natural gas recovery, storage and transportation.

水是自然界中最重要的化合物之一，不仅对生命负责，而且在许多与能源和安全有关的过程中起着重要作用。当水暴露在适当的热力学条件和成分下时，它可以经历两个重要的相变：冰和天然气水合物。飞机、船舶、海上石油平台、风力涡轮机、电信和输电线路等现代基础设施上的冰积累破坏了它们的完整性，并对操作人员和平民造成了重大的安全隐患。另一方面，天然气水合物被视为一种新的替代方法，以满足我们日益增长的能源需求，从而提高我们的生活质量。天然存在的天然气水合物储存了大量的能量，超过了传统的碳储量，而且大多含有天然气。本提案中要求的现有高压流变仪的附加组件将提供一个独特的视角来观察液体状态下的水流，也可以观察含有软固体（冰和水合物）的泥浆。使用所描述的自定义单位的温度和压力范围只能使用另一个单位（在奥地利，我们知道）。这些信息对于设计安全、经济、环保的处理冰和水合物形成系统的工艺和设施，以及开发作为未来能源的原位甲烷水合物至关重要。流变仪的进一步增强包括使用UV固化系统研究相变材料（对表面进行图案化），以及使用拉伸流变仪工具通过拉伸流重新定位表面，以观察图案表面对冰增积和相关现象的影响。这项工作将采用一种新的方法，探索纳米材料表面和聚合物添加剂对冰和天然气水合物形成系统的影响。目的是阐明在这些表面和添加剂存在的情况下，水转变为冰或水合物时的流动行为。这项工作的成果有可能使加拿大在除冰技术方面处于领先地位，这些技术可防止冰的增加和天然气的回收、储存和运输。