"Atmospheric Aerosol Processing: Impacts on Composition, Reactivity, Hygroscopicity and Optical Properties"

“大气气溶胶处理：对成分、反应性、吸湿性和光学性能的影响”

• 批准号: 227888-2012
• 负责人: Abbatt, Jonathan
• 金额: $ 9.11万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=570336
• 关键词: Atmospheric; Aerosol; Processing; Impacts; Composition

Although atmospheric particles are of crucial importance to both human health and global climate, their detailed chemistry in the atmosphere is not well characterized. In particular, once particles are formed, they are subject to atmospheric oxidative processes that may alter their composition and chemical properties. To place climate and air quality models on a firm fundamental foundation, the physical chemistry of these processes needs to be understood. And so, it is proposed to conduct a suite of novel experiments to provide a unified view of the mechanism of atmospheric aerosol oxidation and the potential impacts on the atmosphere. Specific projects will assess the rates of aqueous phase chemistry that occur in aerosol and clouds, the impact of oxidative processing on trace gas uptake kinetics, the impact of oxidative processing on the release rates of volatile organic and halogen species, and the role that oxidation plays in affecting the ability of particulates to act as the sites for cloud nucleation. State of the art instrumentation through a new Canada Foundation for Innovation infrastructure grant will be used in this research program, providing trainees a background in advanced technical methods. In addition new, transformative methodologies for conducting oxidation experiments on particles will be developed. Specific collaborations with Environment Canada and members of the Canadian Aerosol Research Network, as well as experiments conducted in the field and with ambient samples, will provide diverse interactions and learning experiences. The overall impact of the projects in the proposal will further develop our fundamental understanding of how anthropogenic activities are impacting our natural environment.

虽然大气颗粒物对人类健康和全球气候都至关重要，但它们在大气中的详细化学性质还没有得到很好的表征。 特别是，一旦颗粒形成，它们就会受到大气氧化过程的影响，这可能会改变它们的组成和化学性质。为了将气候和空气质量模型置于坚实的基础之上，需要了解这些过程的物理化学。 因此，建议进行一系列新的实验，以提供一个统一的看法，大气气溶胶氧化的机制和对大气的潜在影响。 具体项目将评估气溶胶和云中发生的水相化学速率、氧化处理对痕量气体吸收动力学的影响、氧化处理对挥发性有机物和卤素物质释放速率的影响以及氧化在影响颗粒物作为云成核位点的能力方面所起的作用。 通过新的加拿大创新基础设施基金会赠款的最先进的仪器将用于本研究计划，为学员提供先进技术方法的背景。 此外，还将开发新的变革性方法，用于对颗粒进行氧化实验。 与加拿大环境部和加拿大气溶胶研究网络成员的具体合作，以及在实地和环境样本中进行的实验，将提供各种互动和学习经验。 提案中项目的总体影响将进一步发展我们对人类活动如何影响自然环境的基本理解。