Atmospheric aerosols: From (Photo)chemical transformation to nucleation microphysics at atmospheric interfaces

大气气溶胶：从（照片）化学转化到大气界面的成核微物理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04422
• 负责人: Ariya, Parisa
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=644123
• 关键词: Atmospheric; aerosols; Photo; chemical; transformation

***Our innovative research program entails the physico-chemical understanding of airborne condensed matter or aerosols, and their interactions with clouds and radiation, which "contributes the largest uncertainty to the total radiative forcing estimates" affecting climate change (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, 2013). The uncertainty in the global radiation budget associated with aerosol-cloud interactions is of the same magnitude as the estimated radiative impact of increases in the atmospheric concentration of major greenhouse gases associated with human activity. Atmospheric pollutants, including aerosols, have also been directly linked to increases in the occurrence of respiratory and cardio-vascular disease as well as cancer (World Health Organization, WHO, 2014). A number of mechanisms governing radiative forcing, have been proposed which are strongly dependent on the physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols and clouds, and in turn these affect the lower atmosphere energy budget, influencing Earth's major processes such as melting of the sea-ice in the Arctic and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather phenomena. These physicochemical mechanisms are generally poorly understood and as such, they introduce key uncertainties into the prediction of air quality and environmental health, and climate change. The proposed research program, addressing these gaps of knowledge, encompasses three complementary cutting edge research themes, which will be significant in several fields of science, engineering and medicine, addressing the top research priorities of IPCC and WHO. Ten (out of 17) HQP in our research team will be trained. The research described in this Discovery Grant provides insight into the fundamental physical, and analytical chemistry of aerosols, namely complementary research on understanding the (photo)chemistry, kinetics and mechanism(s) of the transformation of aerosols and their precursors, on the development of novel methods and techniques for the chemical speciation at molecular levels, on surface physical chemistry research on aerosols, using nano and micro-aerosols properties to design novel natural green chemistry methods and techniques, which assists pollution remediation at its source. We foresee this research program further evolving our ongoing contributions towards advising policy makers and serving our communities, at national and international levels. We have established international expertise, savoir-faire, as well as a strong and motivated research group, and hence we are confident that we will reach our goals in an efficient manner. **

***我们的创新研究计划需要对机载的冷凝物或气溶胶的物理化学理解，及其与云和辐射的相互作用，“这对总辐射强迫估计有助于最大的不确定性”，“影响气候变化（对气候变化范围内的围墙面板对气候变化，IPCC，IPCC，2013年）。与气溶胶云相互作用相关的全球辐射预算的不确定性与与人类活动相关的主要温室气体的大气浓度增加的辐射量增加相同。包括气溶胶在内的大气污染物也与呼吸道和心血管疾病以及癌症的发生的增加直接相关（世界卫生组织，世界卫生组织，2014年）。已经提出了许多管理辐射强迫的机制，这些机制很大程度上取决于气溶胶和云的物理和化学特征，进而影响了较低的大气能预算，从而影响了地球的主要过程，例如北极中的海冰融化以及极端天气现象的频率和强度。这些物理化学机制通常是很少了解的，因此，它们将关键的不确定性引入了空气质量和环境健康以及气候变化的预测。拟议的研究计划解决了这些知识差距，包括三个互补的尖端研究主题，这在科学，工程和医学的几个领域将很重要，以解决IPCC和谁的最高研究优先事项。我们的研究团队中的十名（在17个中）将接受培训。这项发现赠款中描述的研究提供了对气溶胶的基本物理和分析化学的见解，即对气溶胶转化的（照片）化学，动力学和机制（照片）及其前体转化的（照片）的互补研究，对在表面上的化学物理水平的新方法和技术的开发，对纽约化学方法的开发，用于表面上的化学水平的发展，设计新型天然绿色化学方法和技术的特性，可帮助其来源污染修复。我们预见，该研究计划进一步发展了我们对在国家和国际层面的政策制定者和为社区服务的持续贡献。我们已经建立了国际专业知识，即Savoir-Faire以及一个强大而有动力的研究小组，因此我们有信心我们将有效地实现我们的目标。 **