Atmospheric aerosols: From (Photo)chemical transformation to nucleation microphysics at atmospheric interfaces

大气气溶胶：从（照片）化学转化到大气界面的成核微物理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04422
• 负责人: Ariya, Parisa
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=644123
• 关键词: Atmospheric; aerosols; Photo; chemical; transformation

***Our innovative research program entails the physico-chemical understanding of airborne condensed matter or aerosols, and their interactions with clouds and radiation, which "contributes the largest uncertainty to the total radiative forcing estimates" affecting climate change (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, 2013). The uncertainty in the global radiation budget associated with aerosol-cloud interactions is of the same magnitude as the estimated radiative impact of increases in the atmospheric concentration of major greenhouse gases associated with human activity. Atmospheric pollutants, including aerosols, have also been directly linked to increases in the occurrence of respiratory and cardio-vascular disease as well as cancer (World Health Organization, WHO, 2014). A number of mechanisms governing radiative forcing, have been proposed which are strongly dependent on the physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols and clouds, and in turn these affect the lower atmosphere energy budget, influencing Earth's major processes such as melting of the sea-ice in the Arctic and the frequency and intensity of extreme weather phenomena. These physicochemical mechanisms are generally poorly understood and as such, they introduce key uncertainties into the prediction of air quality and environmental health, and climate change. The proposed research program, addressing these gaps of knowledge, encompasses three complementary cutting edge research themes, which will be significant in several fields of science, engineering and medicine, addressing the top research priorities of IPCC and WHO. Ten (out of 17) HQP in our research team will be trained. The research described in this Discovery Grant provides insight into the fundamental physical, and analytical chemistry of aerosols, namely complementary research on understanding the (photo)chemistry, kinetics and mechanism(s) of the transformation of aerosols and their precursors, on the development of novel methods and techniques for the chemical speciation at molecular levels, on surface physical chemistry research on aerosols, using nano and micro-aerosols properties to design novel natural green chemistry methods and techniques, which assists pollution remediation at its source. We foresee this research program further evolving our ongoing contributions towards advising policy makers and serving our communities, at national and international levels. We have established international expertise, savoir-faire, as well as a strong and motivated research group, and hence we are confident that we will reach our goals in an efficient manner. **

***我们的创新研究计划需要对空气中的凝聚态物质或气溶胶及其与云和辐射的相互作用进行物理化学理解，这“对影响气候变化的总辐射强迫估计产生了最大的不确定性”（政府间气候变化专门委员会，IPCC，2013）。与气溶胶-云相互作用相关的全球辐射预算的不确定性与与人类活动相关的主要温室气体大气浓度增加的估计辐射影响具有相同的程度。包括气溶胶在内的大气污染物也与呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病以及癌症的发病率增加直接相关（世界卫生组织，WHO，2014）。已经提出了许多控制辐射强迫的机制，这些机制强烈依赖于气溶胶和云的物理和化学特性，反过来这些机制会影响低层大气的能量收支，影响地球的主要过程，例如北极海冰的融化以及极端天气现象的频率和强度。人们普遍对这些物理化学机制知之甚少，因此，它们给空气质量、环境健康以及气候变化的预测带来了关键的不确定性。拟议的研究计划旨在解决这些知识差距，涵盖三个互补的前沿研究主题，这些主题在科学、工程和医学的多个领域具有重要意义，解决了政府间气候变化专门委员会和世卫组织的首要研究优先事项。我们研究团队中的 10 名 HQP（共 17 名）将接受培训。本发现补助金中描述的研究深入了解气溶胶的基本物理和分析化学，即了解气溶胶及其前体转化的（光）化学、动力学和机制的补充研究，开发分子水平化学形态形成的新方法和技术，使用纳米和微米气溶胶进行气溶胶表面物理化学研究 设计新颖的天然绿色化学方法和技术，有助于从源头修复污染。我们预计该研究计划将进一步发展我们在国家和国际层面为政策制定者提供建议和服务社区的持续贡献。我们拥有国际化的专业知识、精湛的技术以及强大而积极的研究团队，因此我们有信心以高效的方式实现我们的目标。 **