Optimizing Canada's transportation system for global competitiveness

优化加拿大的交通系统以提高全球竞争力

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04011
• 负责人: Bachmann, Christian
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=644416
• 关键词: Optimizing; Canada; transportation; system; global

Spatial economic and transport systems are directly interdependent. The transportation system of a given country can be viewed as a physical representation of that country's economy: individual activity patterns and business operations create passenger and freight demands that result in car, truck, and rail movements. Simultaneously, the performance of the transportation system affects the spatial organization of the economy, for example through household and firm location choices, as well as trade and travel patterns. Therefore, economic systems impact transportation systems by the activities they produce, while transportation systems impact economic systems by the accessibility they provide. Hence, the performance of Canada's transportation system is a critical component of its economy and global competitiveness.******Spatial Economic and Transportation Interaction (SETI) models are used to evaluate the economic impacts of transportation infrastructure alternatives. Various methodological approaches have been taken at the urban, regional, and national scales, such as Land Use Transportation Interaction (LUTI) models and Random-Utility-Based Multi-Regional Input-Output (RUBMRIO) models. Transport-oriented Spatial Computable General Equilibrium (SCGE) models are currently the most complete economic simulation tool at the national level because they comprehensively model the entire economy, the inter-dependency between all of its parts, and the microeconomic behavior within these parts.******The proposed research program will develop a SETI modelling framework with an essentially different focus. In addition to evaluating prospective transportation infrastructure alternatives, a Canadian modelling platform will be built that intelligently determines where infrastructure investments would provide the greatest benefit to the Canadian economy. Several innovations are required to address the limitations of current modelling approaches and to develop the model's intelligent behaviour. The proposal describes these and other contributing innovations in detail. The complete modelling platform will bring Canada to and beyond the state-of-the-art in SETI modelling.******Practically, this research is expected to improve the scientific and engineering input into transportation projects and policies aimed at improving Canada's economy and global competitiveness. Academically, this research is expected to make timely, innovative, and transformative connections in the understanding and modelling of transportation and economic interactions.**

空间经济和运输系统直接相互依存。一个国家的交通运输系统可以被看作是该国经济的物理代表：个人活动模式和商业运作创造了客运和货运需求，导致汽车，卡车和铁路运输。与此同时，运输系统的运作影响到经济的空间组织，例如通过家庭和公司的地点选择以及贸易和旅行模式。因此，经济系统通过其产生的活动影响运输系统，而运输系统通过其提供的可达性影响经济系统。因此，加拿大交通系统的表现是其经济和全球竞争力的重要组成部分。空间经济与交通相互作用（SETI）模型用于评估交通基础设施替代方案的经济影响。在城市、区域和国家尺度上采取了各种方法，如土地利用交通相互作用模型和基于随机效用的多区域投入产出模型。面向运输的空间可计算一般均衡（SCGE）模型是目前在国家层面上最完整的经济模拟工具，因为它们全面模拟了整个经济，其所有部分之间的相互依赖性以及这些部分内的微观经济行为。拟议的研究计划将开发一个SETI建模框架，其重点基本不同。除了评估潜在的交通基础设施替代方案外，还将建立一个加拿大建模平台，智能地确定基础设施投资将为加拿大经济带来最大利益的地方。需要几个创新，以解决目前的建模方法的局限性，并开发模型的智能行为。该提案详细描述了这些和其他有助于创新的内容。完整的建模平台将使加拿大超越SETI建模的最先进水平。实际上，这项研究预计将提高科学和工程投入到交通项目和政策，旨在提高加拿大的经济和全球竞争力。在学术上，这项研究预计将在运输和经济互动的理解和建模方面建立及时，创新和变革性的联系。