Dynamical Regulation in Physiological Systems

许多生理现象表现出复杂的波动。这种可变性可以作为个体健康状况的指标，如心率、睡眠-觉醒周期波动或胃肠道平滑肌收缩。近年来，将***生理系统的实验研究与生理动力学理论模型相结合的研究为一些心脏和血液系统疾病的机制提供了新的认识。进行适当的实验需要非常小心和精确，以便获得足够详细的数据，以便与理论观察进行比较，这反过来又提出了新的理论（建模）方法。对于下面的系统，我们将开发一个数学模型，用于***表示，它被简化到足以允许作为一个整体的系统的重要理解，但又足够复杂，以纳入生理学的所有基本组成部分。***1)循环血细胞的调节是一个复杂的生化系统。我们研究了主要的调节蛋白——促红细胞生成素（EPO）在反馈机制中维持红细胞（向所有组织和器官输送氧气）数量在适当水平的影响；我们还探讨了这些细胞与主要控制其他类型循环血细胞（主要是血小板，负责预防出血）调节的系统的相互作用。***2)世界卫生组织（世卫组织）将新出现的人畜共患疾病定义为“新认识或新演变的，或以前发生过但在地理、宿主或媒介范围上发病率增加或扩大的”从动物传播给人的疾病。随着一些参与这些疾病传播的物种栖息地的改变，人们对了解它们的传播机制重新产生了兴趣。我们将研究这种蚊媒疾病的数学模型，登革热（DF），试图了解多次暴露于不同的DF菌株的动力学。

Many physiological phenomena show complex fluctuations. This variability can be an index of the***health of the individual, as in the case of the heart rate, fluctuations in sleep-wake cycle or smooth muscle***contractions in the gastro-intestinal track. In recent years, research combining experimental studies of***physiological systems with theoretical models of physiological dynamics has provided new insight into the mechanisms responsible for some cardiac and hematological disorders. Carrying out the appropriate experiments requires***great care and precision in order to obtain data sufficiently detailed to be compared with theoretical observations***which in turn suggest new theoretical (modeling) approaches.***For the following systems, we will be developing mathematical models thriving for a***representation that is simplified enough to allow for significant understanding of the system as a***whole, yet is complex enough to incorporate all the fundamental components of the physiology.***1) The regulation of the circulating blood cells is a complex biochemical system. We study the***influence of the main regulatory protein, erythropoietin (EPO), in the feedback mechanism maintaining the number of red blood cells (which carry oxygen to all tissues and organs) at an appropriate level; we also explore the interactions of these cells with systems predominantly controlling the regulation of the other types of circulating blood cells (mainly platelets, which are responsible for the prevention of bleeding).***2) Emerging zoonotic diseases are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as diseases transmitted from animals to men "that are newly recognized or newly evolved, or that have occurred previously but show an increase in incidence or expansion in geographical, host or vector range". With modifications in the habitat of a number of species involved in the transmission of these diseases, there is renewed interest in understanding their propagation mechanisms. We shall investigate mathematical models for such a mosquito-borne disease, Dengue Fever (DF), trying to understand the dynamics of multiple expositions to different strains of DF.