Functional and Population Genomics of Ecologically Critical Eukaryotic Microbes

生态关键真核微生物的功能和群体基因组学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05937
• 负责人: Corradi, Nicolas
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=648103
• 关键词: Functional; Population; Genomics; Ecologically; Critical

Functional and Population Genomics of Ecologically Critical Eukaryotic Microbes****The Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Microsporidians are ubiquitous unicellular organisms that impact the function of global ecosystems.****AMF are root symbionts of many plants, and their presence in the soils is typically linked with an increase in plant fitness and ecosystem biodiversity. Recent reports have suggested that not all AMF individuals (i.e. single spores) affect the fitness of plants in the same way: some make one plant grow better than others. Although the reasons for this variability in plant growth are presently unknown, there are many reasons to believe that they could have a genetic origin. The first objective of my proposed research will to tackle this unknown aspect of AMF biology by investigating the extent and nature of polymorphism that exists within and among individual spores of a model AMF; Rhizophagus irregularis. This will be done by combining cutting-edge DNA sequencing and bioinformatics techniques with innovative experimental designs targeted at AMF isolates that we currently grow in the lab.****The Microsporidia is a phylum composed of intracellular parasites that are closely related to fungal lineages. These organisms can infect a wide range of animals, including humans, and many of their genomes have been sequenced in recent years. To date, this genome data has resulted in the discovery of genes potentially used by microsporidians to infect and abuse their hosts, but many of these results have never been experimentally validated. The second objective of my proposal will aim to reveal which microsporidian genes are specifically expressed following infection of the host cells. This will expose the proteins that are used by microsporidian parasites to exploit their hosts. We will also investigate the mechanisms involved in the creation of genomic diversity in microsporidia by exploring genome variation among members of the same species, and by studying the genome diversity of these parasites in their natural ecosystems.*This is essential for understanding how pathogens create new genetic variation that could be used to invade new hosts or expand to different geographic areas.********

生态批判性真核生物微生物的功能和人群基因组学**** ****杂草菌根真菌（AMF）和微孢子虫是无处不在的单细胞生物，会影响全球生态系统的功能。**********是许多工厂的象征，在土壤中具有典型的链接，并且具有典型的互联性。最近的报告表明，并非所有的AMF个体（即单个散布）以相同的方式影响植物的适应性：有些使一种植物比其他植物更好。尽管提出了这种植物生长变异性的原因，但有许多理由相信它们可能具有遗传来源。我拟议的研究的第一个目标是通过研究模型AMF的各个孢子的多态性的程度和性质来解决AMF生物学的这一未知方面；根瘤菌。这将通过将尖端的DNA测序和生物信息学技术与我们目前在实验室中生长的AMF分离株的创新实验设计相结合。这些生物可以感染包括人类在内的广泛动物，近年来已经对其许多基因组进行了测序。迄今为止，该基因组数据导致发现了微孢子虫（Microsporidians）可能使用的基因来感染和滥用其宿主，但是其中许多结果从未经过实验验证。我的提案的第二个目标将旨在揭示宿主细胞感染后特异性表达的微孢子虫基因。这将暴露微孢子寄生虫用来利用其宿主的蛋白质。我们还将通过探索同一物种成员之间的基因组变异以及研究这些寄生虫在其自然生态系统中的基因组多样性来调查微孢子虫中基因组多样性所涉及的机制。