Multi-scale monitoring of hydraulic fracturing and wastewater injection, Duvernay region, Alberta

水力压裂（HF）是将高压流体注入深层储层岩石中，使岩石破裂并增加渗透率。在高频作业期间，微地震方法用于远程评估裂缝生长情况，以优化生产并确保目标储层内的裂缝。在极少数情况下，地震事件会在HF期间或之后不久触发；这些被认为是由位于处理带几公里内的临界应力断层上的滑动引起的。通过结合地球物理现场观测、地质力学建模、信号处理和被动地震数据的创新解释，提出的研究将大大提高我们目前对高频与储层微震响应之间关系的理解。这将提高非常规能源的采收率，同时减轻诱发地震活动的危害。该研究计划与工业研究主席（IRC）提案相关联。综上所述，这些举措将为阿尔伯塔省中西部的Duvernay页岩的案例研究奠定基础，这是一个新兴的世界级非常规资源区，在那里已经记录了诱发地震的活动，并且可以获得独特的综合公共领域的地球科学数据。该CRD项目由五家公司提供支持，这些公司在加拿大西部广泛参与HF和/或废水注入，并将提供资金、后勤支持和专业知识。该项目将为研究团队提供独特的培训环境，该团队由26名高素质人才（HQP）组成，其中包括1名研究助理、4名博士后、6名博士、5名硕士和10名理学士学生。研究团队将在这个快速发展的领域开发出工业和政府机构特别需要的技能。该项目将通过提高巨大非常规资源的成本效益，为识别和减轻危害提供关键知识，并支持最佳监管实践，为加拿大带来重大利益。************

Hydraulic fracturing (HF) involves injection of fluids under high pressure into reservoir rocks, located at depth, to fracture the rocks and increase permeability. Microseismic methods are used for remote assessment of fracture growth during HF operations in order to optimize roduction and to ensure containment of fractures within the target reservoir. In rare instances, seismic events have been triggered during or shortly after HF; these are considered to be caused by slip on critically stressed faults located within a few km of the treatment zone. Through a combination of geophysical field observations, geomechanical modeling, signal processing and innovative interpretation of passive seismic data, the proposed research will significantly advance our current understanding of the relationship between HF and the microseismic response of the reservoir. This will lead to enhanced recovery from unconventional energy resources while mitigating induced seismicity hazards. The research program is linked to a companion industrial research chair (IRC) proposal. Taken together, these initiatives will underpin a case study of the Duvernay shale in west-central Alberta, an emerging world-class unconventional resource play where induced seismicity has been documented and where uniquely comprehensive public-domain geoscientific data is available. This CRD program is supported by five companies who are extensively involved in HF and/or wastewater injection in western Canada and who will provide funding, logistical support and expertise. This program will provide a unique training environment for the research team, comprised of 26 highly qualified personnel (HQP), including a Research Associate, 4 postdoctoral researchers, 6 PhD, 5 MSc and 10 BSc students. The research team will develop skill-sets that are in exceptionally high demand by industry and government agencies within this rapidly developing field. The program will provide significant benefit to Canada by enhancing cost-effective development of immense unconventional resources, contributing critical knowledge to identify and mitigate hazards, and supporting regulatory best practice.************