Neural Mechanisms of Interoceptive Representation and Regulation

内感受表征和调节的神经机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05901
• 负责人: Farb, Norman
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=650465
• 关键词: Neural; Mechanisms; Interoceptive; Representation; Regulation

The human brain continuously updates representations of one's internal body state, a process known as interoception. The long-term goals of this research program are to understand the neural mechanisms supporting interoception and how to efficiently and objectively assess interoceptive capacity. Using behavioral, psychophysiological, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods, we intend to examine the psychological and neural bases for how interoception integrates physiology with cognition to inform emotional experience, and ultimately how these processes shape subjective awareness. Furthermore, we will examine whether interoceptive attention constitutes a form of arousal regulation that may be used to achieve valued physiological states. Consideration of emotion in terms of its physical, neural, and cognitive components will provide a more complete understanding of human emotion.******The neuroscience model to be tested is informed by the applicant's prior work, suggesting an interoceptive pathway from primary representation in the posterior insula to integration with motivational context in the anterior insula and adjacent prefrontal cortex. To experimentally characterize these networks, 4 clusters of research are proposed. First, we will use a novel experimental paradigm that relies on discrimination of respiratory sensation to better characterize individual differences in interoceptive capacity. Second, we will examine the impact of interoceptive attention on emotional experience, from both transient interoceptive attention and as chronically cultivated through mindfulness training programs, testing the hypothesis that the intensity of emotional experience is a product of its interoceptive tone. Third, we will examine the neural correlates of interoceptive and exteroceptive attention using these novel paradigms to better characterize the unique functional components of interoceptive processing in the brain. Finally, we will examine the impact of interoceptive attention on self-regulation, both in terms of structuring the physiological arousal's role in decision making and in terms of the resolution of such arousal following emotion provocation. ******This research addresses an age-old debate around the extent to which emotions originate in visceral body signals. It also informs our understanding of the temporal dynamics of affective experience, emotion regulation, and the role of conscious awareness in representing and regulating changes within the body.

人类大脑不断更新一个人的内部身体状态的表征，这一过程被称为内感受。本研究计划的长期目标是了解支持内感受的神经机制，以及如何有效和客观地评估内感受能力。使用行为，心理生理学和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的方法，我们打算检查的心理和神经基础，内感受如何整合生理与认知，告知情绪体验，并最终如何这些过程形成主观意识。此外，我们将研究内感受性注意是否构成一种唤醒调节形式，可用于实现有价值的生理状态。从生理、神经和认知的角度来考虑情绪，将有助于我们更全面地理解人类的情绪。待测试的神经科学模型由申请人先前的工作提供信息，表明从后额叶中的初级表征到前额叶和相邻前额叶皮层中的动机背景的整合的内感受途径。为了从实验上表征这些网络，提出了4个研究集群。首先，我们将使用一种新的实验范式，依赖于呼吸感觉的歧视，以更好地表征内感受能力的个体差异。其次，我们将研究内感受性注意力对情绪体验的影响，从瞬时内感受性注意力和通过正念训练计划长期培养的内感受性注意力，测试情绪体验的强度是其内感受性音调的产物这一假设。第三，我们将使用这些新的范式来研究内感受性和外感受性注意的神经相关性，以更好地表征大脑内感受性处理的独特功能成分。最后，我们将研究内感受性注意力对自我调节的影响，包括在决策中构建生理唤醒的作用以及在情绪激发后这种唤醒的解决方案。** 这项研究解决了一个关于情绪在多大程度上起源于内脏身体信号的古老争论。它还告诉我们的情感体验，情绪调节的时间动力学的理解，以及有意识的意识在代表和调节身体内的变化的作用。