Sulfur in Inorganic Fluorine Chemistry and the Development of a New Class of Weakly Coordinating Anions

无机氟化学中的硫和一类新型弱配位阴离子的开发

• 批准号: 261340-2013
• 负责人: Gerken, Michael
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=651713
• 关键词: Sulfur; Inorganic; Fluorine; Chemistry; Development

Chemistry of the element fluorine has experienced a remarkable renaissance in the last decade, with spectacular discoveries and the outstanding utility of organofluorine compounds in the pharmaceutical industry. However, incorporation of fluorine almost always requires the use of reactive inorganic fluorinating agents, and to ensure that the full range of fluorinated products is maintained, new fluorinating reagents are always needed. The current proposal focuses on inorganic fluorine chemistry and is exploring fundamental structural and reactivity questions, as well as potential applications of inorganic fluorides. The inorganic fluorine chemistry group in Lethbridge is one of the few groups in the world that can handle highly reactive fluorine chemicals and train students in this important field of chemistry. The new compounds that will be made in this proposed research represent powerful new fluorinating reagents. The proposed research will target three types of fluorine compounds: (i) rhenium sulfide fluorides, (ii) inorganic compounds with pentafluorosulfanyl (-SF5) groups, and (iii) large, weakly coordinating anions. Rhenium sulfide fluorides are reactive compounds that are interesting because of their structural features and of the catalytic reactivity of rhenium sulfide, which were found to have potential as hydrodesulfurization catalysts in the petrochemical industry. Fluoroorganic chemists succeeded in preparing organic SF5 compounds that have uses, for example, as pesticides in agrochemistry and solvents for polymers. Essentially no compounds with SF5 directly attached to a metal are known. Such metal compounds could have significant potential as facile reagents to introduce SF5 groups into organic systems. Weakly coordinating anions have already attracted vast attention in industry. This proposal targets a new class of such anions that could provide advantages to the currently used weakly coordinating anions. Applications of such anions range from lithium ion battery applications to ionic liquids. Ionic liquids are important to further develop "green" chemistry since they are recyclable, do not have any significant vapour pressure and will not cause atmospheric pollution because of evaporation.

在过去的十年里，氟元素的化学经历了一次非凡的复兴，有了惊人的发现，有机氟化合物在制药工业中的突出应用。然而，加入氟几乎总是需要使用反应性无机氟化剂，为了确保维持全系列的氟化产品，总是需要新的氟化试剂。目前的建议侧重于无机氟化学，并正在探索基本的结构和反应性问题，以及无机氟化物的潜在应用。莱斯布里奇的无机氟化学小组是世界上为数不多的能够处理高活性氟化学品并在这一重要化学领域培养学生的小组之一。在这项拟议的研究中将产生的新化合物代表了强大的新型氟化试剂。拟议的研究将针对三种类型的氟化合物：(i)硫化氢氟化物，（ii）具有五氟磺酰（-SF5）基团的无机化合物，以及（iii）大的弱配位阴离子。硫化铼氟化物是一种令人感兴趣的活性化合物，因为它们的结构特征和硫化铼的催化反应活性，在石化工业中被发现具有作为加氢脱硫催化剂的潜力。含氟有机化学家成功地制备了有机SF5化合物，这些化合物可用于农业化学中的农药和聚合物的溶剂。基本上没有已知的SF5直接与金属相连的化合物。这类金属化合物作为将SF5基团引入有机系统的易溶试剂具有巨大的潜力。弱配位阴离子已经引起了工业界的广泛关注。这一提议的目标是一类新的这样的阴离子，可以为目前使用的弱配位阴离子提供优势。这种阴离子的应用范围从锂离子电池应用到离子液体。离子液体对进一步发展“绿色”化学很重要，因为它们是可回收的，没有任何显著的蒸汽压力，也不会因为蒸发而造成大气污染。