Online Dynamic Graphical Game Approach for Pursuing Illegal Fishing Vessels with Running Energy Optimization**

“非法、未报告和无管制”(IUU)捕鱼事件正在对加拿大水资源造成严重的环境和经济后果。它们导致生态系统的有害变化，耗尽自然资源，并造成重大经济损失。这要求开发创新的解决方案平台，以便在监测海洋领土期间自主发现、跟踪和追踪IUU捕捞活动。这导致了一个有趣的结构化工程问题，其中包含几个技术挑战。第一，提高每艘追捕船有效追踪和发现IUU捕捞事件的能力。第二，通过有效的通信或信息层，加强追捕船只之间相互沟通的能力，这有助于实现它们的合作目标(例如，更接近非法船只，同时与邻近的追捕船只交换必要的信息)和全球目标(例如，参与船只共同实现最终目标)。第三，优化每艘追踪船的性能，例如，通过在监测过程中最大限度地减少其消耗的能量。这些目标可以利用人工智能(AI)的最新进展来实现。为此，拟议的研究旨在设计一种集合了机器学习(ML)、博弈论、计算图论、最优控制和神经模糊系统的思想的解决方案。提出的方法是基于设计在线博弈论方法，利用最先进的强化学习方案来学习非法船只的行为。应用博弈论对多智能体系统(打击非法船只的追捕)的交互性质进行了理解和建模。最优控制理论描述了优化问题以及不同的适用约束条件，从而得到了不同子系统以最优方式运行的最优性条件。这项研究将有助于提升ML的知识状况，这符合国家建设知名人工智能中心的战略计划。

"Illegal, unreported, and unregulated" (IUU) fishing events are having severe environmental and economic consequences on Canadian water resources. They lead to harmful changes in the ecosystem, depleting the natural resources, and causing major financial losses. This urges for the development of innovative solution platforms to autonomously detect, track, and pursue IUU fishing events during the monitoring of maritime territories. This leads to an interesting structured engineering problem with several technical challenges. First, enhancing the ability of each pursuing vessel to track and detect IUU fishing events in an efficient manner. Second, enhancing the capability of the pursuing vessels to communicate among each other through an effective communication or information layer that helps achieving their cooperative objectives (e.g., getting closer to the illegal vessel, while exchanging the necessary information with the neighboring pursuing vessels) and global objectives (e.g., collectively achieving the final objective by the participating vessels). Third, optimizing the performance of each pursuing vessel, by minimizing its dissipated energy during the monitoring process, for instance. These objectives can be tackled using recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI). To this end, the proposed research aims at devising a solution that brings together ideas from machine learning (ML), game theory, computational graph theory, optimal control, and neurofuzzy systems. The proposed approach is based on designing online game-theoretic approaches which take advantage of state-of-the-art reinforcement learning schemes to learn the behavior of illegal vessels. Game theory is applied to understand and model the interactive nature of the multi-agent system (the pursuing against the illegal vessels). Optimal control theory formulates the optimization problem along with the different applicable constraints leading to the optimality conditions at which the different sub-systems act in an optimized fashion. This research will help advancing the state of knowledge of ML, which is in line with the nation's strategic plan to build reputed AI hubs.