Pharmacological and experiential factors that modulate development of neural connectivity involved in spatial and nonspatial memory processing.

调节参与空间和非空间记忆处理的神经连接发展的药理学和经验因素。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05307
• 负责人: Holahan, Matthew
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=653746
• 关键词: Pharmacological; experiential; factors; modulate; development

During neural development, the brain shows widespread changes in both its structure and function that underlie the emergence of a variety of information processing tasks (e.g., sensory, motor, cognition). Evidence has pointed to one conclusion that with such high rates of plasticity that occur during development, memory formation, thought to depend on these processes, would proceed very efficiently (e.g., learning and retaining two languages occurs most readily at an early age). On the other hand, because of the ever-changing neuronal landscape during development, some structural modifications hypothesized to underlie memory formation might be lost with ensuing memory deficits. A primary question for the current proposal concerns the way in which memories are processed and consolidated in the juvenile brain and what factors may be at work that would help to facilitate the integrity of memories throughout the lifespan. Specially, the nature of the work to be done by my students and I will be based on an integrative neuroscience approach to study both endogenous and exogenous influences on neural structure and function in the context of memory consolidation and long-term storage. With respect to the nature of endogenous influences, we will examine the normal developmental trajectory of memory structures that participate in long-term memory storage and associated emergence of various cognitive functions. The nature of work relating to exogenous influences will center on the effect of pharmacological manipulations to either enhance or dampen brain development and the ultimate impact on information processing ability throughout the lifespan. In this research, pharmacological and behavioral tasks are used in conjunction with brain imaging to reconstruct neurons and quantify neural attributes as well as immunohistochemical techniques to provide detailed structural and functional changes following memory formation. Anticipated outcomes from this work will provide fundamental knowledge on the myriad of factors that influence memory consolidation and storage in the juvenile brain. The benefit of this work may prove beneficial in gaining a more complete understanding of basic memory processes throughout the lifespan. The benefit to the field of Neuroscience centers on providing insights as to pharmacological and experiential factors that modulate basic memory functions in the brain over the long term. The importance of this basic research to Canada is highlighted when considering its potential contributions to the understanding and therapeutic treatment of memory impairments and deficits incurred as a result of damage to, or aging of, the brain. Expected outcomes to Canadians will also be realized when considering best practices for assisting children showing cognitive deficits due to developmental delays or impoverished environments.

在神经发育过程中，大脑在其结构和功能方面都表现出广泛的变化，这些变化是各种信息处理任务（例如，感觉、运动、认知）。有证据表明，在发育过程中发生如此高的可塑性，记忆的形成，被认为取决于这些过程，将非常有效地进行（例如，学习和保持两种语言最容易发生在早期年龄）。另一方面，由于在发育过程中不断变化的神经元景观，一些假设为记忆形成基础的结构修饰可能会随着随后的记忆缺陷而丢失。当前提案的一个主要问题是记忆在青少年大脑中的处理和巩固方式，以及哪些因素可能有助于促进整个生命周期记忆的完整性。 特别是，我和我的学生将要做的工作的性质将基于一个综合的神经科学方法来研究在记忆巩固和长期存储的背景下，内源性和外源性对神经结构和功能的影响。 关于内源性影响的性质，我们将研究参与长期记忆储存的记忆结构的正常发展轨迹以及各种认知功能的相关出现。 与外源性影响有关的工作的性质将集中在药物操作的效果上，以增强或抑制大脑发育，并最终影响整个生命周期的信息处理能力。 在这项研究中，药理学和行为任务与脑成像结合使用，以重建神经元和量化神经属性，以及免疫组织化学技术，以提供记忆形成后详细的结构和功能变化。 这项工作的预期结果将提供有关影响青少年大脑记忆巩固和储存的无数因素的基础知识。 这项工作的好处可能证明有利于在整个生命周期中获得对基本记忆过程的更完整的理解。对神经科学领域的好处集中在提供有关长期调节大脑基本记忆功能的药理学和经验因素的见解。这项基础研究对加拿大的重要性是突出考虑其潜在的贡献的理解和治疗的记忆障碍和缺陷所造成的损害，或老化的大脑。 在考虑协助因发育迟缓或贫困环境而出现认知缺陷的儿童的最佳做法时，也将实现对加拿大人的预期成果。