Looking inside matter and antimatter with ultra-violet and extreme ultra-violet lasers

现代科学越来越广泛地依赖于利用技术先进的光谱学。在医学、生物学、物理学、化学和材料科学等不同领域，人们不断努力开发新的光谱工具和技术，因为它们在产生新的直觉、概念和理解方面发挥着重要作用。具体来说，材料的光谱研究使我们能够了解（并最终控制）微观、纳米甚至量子特性，而这些特性反过来又直接影响宏观物理特性。在这个研究项目中，我将继续致力于紫外（UV）和极紫外（XUV）光谱学的两个相关主题：开发新的激光源/技术以及在创新光谱应用中的应用。**光谱学研究中的一个关键组成部分是激光源，在许多情况下，目前的UV/XUV实验受到可用激光技术的限制。在XUV领域，我们采用了一种新的方法来实现高分辨率，基于激光的桌面XUV源。利用这一独特的来源和合作者，我们将继续平衡高能分辨率角分辨光谱学的研究，以追求一些最紧迫的主题在凝聚态物理今天。此外，我们将改进我们的XUV源，以便在飞秒时间尺度上广泛研究电子动力学。这种新的光源具有前所未有的光谱范围，从红外线到紫外线再到极紫外线，将开辟更广泛的材料研究范围。此外，它将允许我们解开在这些设计的量子固体中负责强相关电子行为的基本激发。也许最有趣的是，它还可以让我们在这些固体中诱导出新的量子态，否则这些量子态是无法进入的。**在第二项研究中，我们正在与国际合作者进行精密氢光谱研究。氢是最简单的原子，在实验中证实了几个基本的物理定律。随着它的电荷共轭现在可用（反氢），一个更扩大的托盘现在可用。为此，我们正在开发几种冷却和探测氢所需的紫外激光系统。与我们的合作者一起使用这些新的激光工具进行测量，我们将把测量不确定度推向10^15的水平，用于研究引力，测试基本“常数”的可能漂移，以及宇宙的物质反物质不平衡。

Modern science relies more and more extensively on the utilization of technologically advanced forms of spectroscopy. In fields as diverse as medicine, biology, physics, chemistry, and material science, there is a constant effort to develop novel spectroscopic tools and techniques as they play a fundamental role in the generation of new intuition, concepts, and understandings. Specifically, spectroscopic investigations of materials enable the knowledge of (and ultimately the control over) microscopic, nanoscopic and even quantum characteristics that in turn directly influence macroscopic physical properties. In this research program, I continue my efforts on ultra-violet (UV) and extreme ultra-violet (XUV) spectroscopy on two related topics: development of new laser sources/technology and use of them in innovative spectroscopic applications.**A critical component in spectroscopic studies is the laser source and, in many cases, present UV/XUV experiments are limited by the available laser technology. Within the XUV region, we have employed a new approach to realize a high-resolution, laser-based, tabletop XUV source. Using this unique source and with collaborators, we will continue equilibrium high-energy-resolution angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy studies in pursuit of some of most pressing topics today in condensed matter physics. In addition, we will develop refinements of our XUV source to enable a wide study of electron dynamics on a femtosecond time scale. With an unprecedented spectral range that spans the infrared through the ultra-violet to the extreme ultra-violet, this new source will open up a much wider range of materials to study. Moreover, it will allow us to disentangle the elementary excitations responsible for strongly correlated electron behavior in these designed quantum solids. And perhaps most intriguingly it could also allow us to induce new quantum states in these solids that are otherwise not accessible. **In a second research effort we are pursuing precision hydrogen spectroscopy with international collaborators. Hydrogen is the simplest atom and has played a key role in experimentally confirming several fundamental physical laws. With its charge conjugate now available (antihydrogen) an even more expanded pallet is now available. Towards this end, we are developing several UV laser systems required to cool and probe hydrogen. Using these new laser tools in measurements with our collaborators, we will push measurement uncertainties towards a part in 10^15 level for studies of gravitational force, tests of possible drifts in fundamental "constants", and the universe's matter antimatter imbalance.