Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Epidemiology and Defenses

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Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) have the potential of providing new paradigms to enhance the safety, mobility, and environmental sustainability of surface transportation. However, as vehicles are increasingly being connected to the Internet and other widely accessible networks, their vulnerability to cyber-attacks is a fast-growing concern and a national priority. Evidence from the Internet virus suggests that CAVs will certainly have critical challenges posed by epidemic-style malware, which is referred as CAVs Epidemic. This self-propagating malware is a fast and powerful way of disrupting CAVs system and transportation infrastructures. The consequences of being under-prepared or unable to counter CAVs Epidemic will have a profound impact. Therefore, the objective of this program is to address fundamental grand challenge needs: (1) to better understand the propagation pattern of CAVs epidemic, and (2) to develop strategies that can detect and defend against new outbreaks. Taking cues from the field of epidemiology and ecology, the malware will be described as infectious epidemics to capture malware dynamics behaviour. The CAVs Epidemic models will be synergistically integrated with complementary strengths of network science and control theory to achieve their goals. ***By leveraging the knowledge of CAVs Epidemic, the proposed program aims to establish effective cooperative defense system, which is called Center for CAVs Epidemic Control (CEC). It mirrors the Public Health Agency of Canada to address threats and enable a quick response to CAVs Epidemic. The lessons of public health history will be used for the CEC as they exemplify the huge challenges to CAVs Epidemic. The program will leverage the knowledge of public health theory and practice toward realizing effective engineered controls for the CEC, through a variety of modeling and statistical approaches. Thus, this research program addresses need to strengthen Canada's cyber-security strategy.