Control of advanced combustion modes in internal combustion engines and integration with exhaust gas aftertreatment

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Typical of many western countries, the transportation sector in Canada produces about 30% of Green House Gases (GHG) and exhaust emissions such as NOx and particulates which adversely affect public health in large urban centers. This has led to worldwide stringent future exhaust emission regulations and these will require that major new technologies be developed. For example, in the United States, stringent fuel economy standards for 2016 that have been introduced require combined car and light duty truck fleet-wide fuel economy to improve from 35.5mpg in Model Year 2016 to 54.5mpg in 2025. This is directly relevant to Canada as the automotive sector is transnational. The USA Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) projects: “... EPA expects that the majority of improvements will come from advancements in internal combustion engines...”. To comply with emission regulations the internal combustion engine requires a complex exhaust gas aftertreatment system with integrated engine control.***Recently, advanced combustion modes such as Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) have emerged as a very promising major new technology to significantly reduce fuel consumption and harmful emissions such as NOx and particulates from internal combustion engines. LTC modes can be described to operate between conventional spark ignition gasoline and direct injection Diesel engines. However, to extract the potential of these complex LTC modes, a fundamental understanding of combustion and control strategies is still needed. Due to the stringent emission regulations, these LTC modes must be combined with exhaust gas aftertreatment which requires a detailed understanding of the complete system to realize an integrated control system.***The objective of this research is to understand and control the LTC modes such as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) coupled with exhaust gas aftertreatment with the goal to reduce greenhouse gases, NOx and particulate emissions. To do this a combined modeling and experimental approach will be used. Complex simulation models based on combustion chemistry will be used to predict HCCI ignition timing. Using model order reduction the complex model will be simplified to a control oriented model that is suitable for control design. Ignition timing control will then be designed based on the simpler model. All models will be parameterized and validated by experiment in the engine lab. The ignition timing control will also be tested on the engine. The experimental testing is also used to improve the simulation models and the control. Since HCCI can burn a variety of fuels, this process will be performed for a variety of fuels. This research has the potential to significantly improve fuel economy and reduce harmful emissions from cars and trucks improving urban air quality while maintaining the mobility and economic requirements of Canadians.**