Endoscopic optical coherence tomography and autofluorescence imaging for early cancer detection

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In Canada, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death accounting for over a quarter of**all cancer deaths in men and women. The National Lung Screening Trial showed that lowdose**spiral CT imaging can reduce cancer mortality by 20% in high-risk smokers compared to**standard chest x-ray, primarily by detecting early stage cancer nodules, the majority of which**are small (<9mm) and located in the lung periphery. For definitive lung cancer diagnosis and**treatment planning, a physician must locate and sample suspected lung cancer nodules. The**safest way to locate and sample lung nodules is using a bronchoscope; however, they are too**large to access the small peripheral airways. We have recently pioneered a new fiber optic**imaging catheter that is 0.9 mm in diameter that shows promise for locating peripheral lung**nodules. This imaging modality, called optical coherence tomography autofluorescence**imaging (OCT-AFI) can image changes in the composition and structural features of lung**tissue that occur in early lung cancer.**The goal of this proposal is 1) to further develop innovations to improve the resolution and**contrast in OCT-AFI 2); to enable reflectance and narrow-band imaging via the same**catheter; 3) to miniaturize the catheters further (<0.5mm) to allow access to even smaller**airways; and 4) to develop methods for quantifying lung tissue features. These innovations**should increase the ability to locate lung nodules in almost all areas of the lungs. This nextgeneration**endoscopic imaging instrument will be tested in a small study population.**The research team comes from diverse backgrounds with extensive experience developing**clinically proven optical imaging devices, and a wealth of clinical research history in the**diagnosis and management of lung cancer. This research has great potential to affect clinical**practice to improve patient care in Canada and worldwide by providing a sensitive and**accurate instrument for locating early lung cancer.**