Understanding and exploiting quantum effects in quantum communications and entanglement manipulation

所有数据都存储在物理系统中并通过物理系统传输，而物理系统最终都受量子力学的支配。我们的信息技术是为经典的通信和处理而优化的，但它开始遇到这个量子前沿。我们正在发现新的可能性，如量子数据压缩、量子密码学、隐形传态和高效的因子分解算法。******这一提议将发展量子通信的广泛理论。现代传播学的巨大成就奠基于香农理论；我们的目标是将香农理论的见解和方法扩展到量子通信。******在理解量子信息方面已经取得了重大进展，但量子通信理论的基础仍在建设中，重大的开放性问题仍然存在。我们没有算法来确定一般情况下可以达到的通信速率，甚至在某些噪声的情况下通信是否可能，而且我们还没有发现量子资源（如纠缠）的全部潜力。******人们对通信信道所能提出的最基本的问题是：它能以什么速率传输各种数据？这些速率，被称为容量，是我们研究的一个重要焦点；特别是量子通信信道的经典、私有和量子容量。******量子通信信道很复杂，量子数据对噪声非常敏感，但最近的研究结果显示了相当大的希望。我们可以从我们对互补信道（描述数据向环境的丢失）日益增长的理解开始，对零量子或私有容量的信道进行全面分类，并理解这两个量之间的区别。我们还将研究如何通过经典侧信道加强量子传输，以及如何优化有限块长度消息的通信。******一个孪生研究主题将研究纠缠和其他信息理论资源，以及它们如何增强信息处理任务。我们将遵循一种使用合作游戏的有效方法，将这些辅助资源用于执行任务，并试图理解为什么它们不能在所有情况下都被限制。******这些问题的答案将影响通信理论以外的领域，因为它们对我们理解量子物理和量子复杂性理论至关重要

All data is stored in and transmitted by physical systems, which are all ultimately governed by quantum mechanics. Our information technology is optimized for classical communication and processing, but it is beginning to encounter this quantum frontier. We are uncovering new possibilities such as quantum data compression, quantum cryptography, teleportation, and efficient factoring algorithms.******This proposal will develop a broad theory of quantum communication. The tremendous successes of modern communication science are founded in Shannon theory; our objective is to extend the insights and approaches of Shannon theory to quantum communication.******Significant progress has been made in understanding quantum information, but the foundations of quantum communication theory are still under construction, and significant open questions remain. We have no algorithms to determine what communication rates can be achieved in general, or even whether communication is possible given certain kinds of noise, and we have yet to discover the full potential of quantum resources such as entanglement.******The most fundamental question one can ask of a communication channel is: at what rates can it transmit various kinds of data? These rates, known as the capacities, are an important focus of our research; in particular the classical, private and quantum capacities of quantum communication channels.******Quantum communication channels are complex, and quantum data is extremely sensitive to noise, but recent results hold considerable promise. We can begin by building on our growing understanding of complementary channels – which describe the loss of data to the environment – to fully categorize channels with zero quantum or private capacity, and to understand the difference between these two quantities. We will also investigate how quantum transmission can be strengthened by classical side channels, and how the communication of finite block-length messages can be optimized.******A twin research theme will study entanglement and other information theoretic resources, and how they can enhance information processing tasks. Following a promising approach using cooperative games, we will bound the utility of these auxiliary resources for performing tasks, and seek to understand why they cannot be bounded in all cases.******Answers to these questions will impact fields beyond communication theory, for they are essential for our understanding of quantum physics and quantum complexity theory.**