Hybrid nanomaterials and their structure-property-performance relations for catalysis, green energy and nanoelectronics applications

杂化纳米材料及其在催化、绿色能源和纳米电子学应用中的结构-性能-性能关系

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04183
• 负责人: Leung, Kam
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=657329
• 关键词: Hybrid; nanomaterials; their; structure; property

In the past five years, we have achieved a number of important studies on the interfacial chemistry of (a) bio/organic molecules on Si single-crystal surfaces, and (b) nanostructures of transition metals (and their oxides) and transparent conductive oxides on Si and other (templated) substrates. As material and structural imperfections have become an often unavoidable yet extremely important part of the entire material, we will focus, in the next five years, on defects-driven phenomena in these hybrid nanomaterials. While the presence of defects is often viewed as detrimental to some material properties, control of these defects can also be highly beneficial to a number of important material properties, especially when the material size approaches the nanoscale. This has been demonstrated by our recent discovery of extraordinary photocatalytic power in defect-rich TiO2 nanowires for the water-splitting reaction (for hydrogen fuel cell application). Our mission is to study defects in benchmark nanomaterials and to obtain better understanding of their formation and evolution mechanisms in different growth, processing or treatment strategies. The three primary classes of nanomaterials of particular interest are (in the order of increasing size): ultrasmall nanoclusters (< 5 nm), nanocrystallites (5-100 nm), and low-dimensional nanostructures of transition metals (and their oxides) and transparent conductive oxides. Our objective is to develop protocols to manipulate these defects and to optimize the structure-property-performance relations of defect-controlled materials for applications in chemical sensing and drug delivery, green energy, and nanoelectronics. We will employ the full fleet of advanced materials characterization and synthesis tools available at the core material research facility at the University of Waterloo to investigate several fundamental questions. These include: (a) the chemistry of site-specific defects in nanoclusters as a function of cluster size; (b) mechanisms of defect formation in nanostructures; (c) interactions of bio/organic adsorbates with nanoclusters and nanostructures with different defect-site compositions; and (d) substrate effects. These experiments will be supported by large-scale ab-initio computational studies in order to obtain new insights into these basic concepts. The proposed work will also allow us to fully exploit the use of these new defect-controlled, hybrid nanomaterials for important emerging applications, including multiplex chemical sensing and drug delivery to advance our medical research tools, super-efficient photocatalysts for water splitting for solar-to-hydrogen generation to increase our green energy capacity and to reduce global warming, and memristors as the next-generation nanoelectronics to propel us to a transistor-free world.

在过去的五年中，我们已经在SI单晶体表面上（a）生物/有机分子的界面化学进行了许多重要研究，以及（b）过渡金属（及其氧化物）和SI和其他（模糊的）底物的过渡金属（及其氧化物）以及透明的导电氧化物的纳米结构。 随着材料和结构缺陷已成为整个材料中通常是不可避免但极为重要的部分，我们将在未来五年内集中在这些混合纳米材料中的缺陷驱动现象上。 尽管缺陷的存在通常被视为对某些材料特性有害，但对这些缺陷的控制也可能对许多重要的材料特性非常有益，尤其是当材料大小接近纳米级时。 我们最近发现在水分裂反应（用于氢燃料电池施用）中，我们最近发现了富含缺陷的TIO2纳米线中的非凡光催化能力。 我们的任务是研究基准纳米材料中的缺陷，并在不同的生长，加工或治疗策略中更好地了解其形成和进化机制。 特别感兴趣的纳米材料的三个主要类别是（按大小的增加）：超质纳米群（<5 nm），纳米晶体（5-100 nm）和过渡金属的低维纳米结构（及其氧化物）和透明的导电氧化物。 我们的目标是制定操纵这些缺陷的方案，并优化用于化学感应和药物输送，绿色能量和纳米电子学的缺陷控制材料的结构 - 性能 - 性能关系。 我们将采用滑铁卢大学核心材料研究机构提供的全部高级材料表征和合成工具的全部舰队来研究几个基本问​​题。其中包括：（a）纳米群体中位点特异性缺陷的化学因素与簇大小的函数； （b）纳米结构中缺陷形成的机制； （c）生物/有机吸附物与具有不同缺陷位点组成的纳米群体和纳米结构的相互作用； （d）底物效应。 这些实验将由大规模的AB-Initio计算研究支持，以便获得对这些基本概念的新见解。 拟议的工作还将使我们能够充分利用这些新的缺陷控制的杂化纳米材料来用于重要的新兴应用，包括多重化学感应和药物输送来推进我们的医学研究工具，超级有效的光催化剂，超级有效的光催化剂，以促进我们的绿色能源，以增加我们的绿色能源，并降低绿色的能量，以减少绿色的温暖和MEMETRON，以减少全球温暖的人，并成为MEMET的热量，并将其作为MEMET n of the Memer the Memer the Ous nemer the Memet and Ouser，并成为MEMET的供应量一个无晶体管的世界。