Comparing the protein source and frequency of supplementation of forage intake, competitive feeding interactions, and nutrient utilization for beef cattle fed low-quality forage

饲喂劣质饲料的肉牛的蛋白质来源和饲草补充频率、竞争性饲喂相互作用和养分利用率的比较

• 批准号: 524171-2018
• 负责人: Penner, Gregory
• 金额: $ 3.32万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=661916
• 关键词: Comparing; protein; source; frequency; supplementation

Use of forage that has been reserved for later use (stockpiled forage) and the use of crop residues that remain after cereal grains have been harvested allow beef producers to provide an out of season grazing option for their cattle. However, stockpiled forage, particularly native range, and crop residues are often low in crude protein. Feeding diets deficient in crude protein limits feed intake, digestibility of the feed in the rumen (the first part of the digestive tract for beef cattle), passage of feed out of the rumen, and overall digestibility of those feeds. Importantly, this crude protein deficiency can be corrected using feeds with a high crude protein content. Research in the United States has demonstrated that distillers grains, a byproduct arising from ethanol production, are a suitable supplement to correct for the crude protein deficiency that may occur with stockpiled forage and crop residues. They have also demonstrated that infrequent supplementation (every second day) can compensate for low quality forage equally as well as daily supplementation. While not investigated previously, providing the protein supplement infrequently may reduce competition for the feed at the time of supplementation as a greater quantity is fed on alternate days. ****While distillers grains are a suitable protein supplement, recent changes in processing of distillers grains (removing part of the the lipid) warrant further evaluation of this feedstuff. Additionally, the risk for mycotoxins in distillers grains may constrain the use of distillers grains as a feed source. In Canada, canola meal is a locally produced protein supplement known for its high quality as a protein source when fed to beef and dairy cattle. There is currently a limited amount of information regarding the use of canola meal as a supplement for cattle consuming low-quality forages. This study will evaluate the effects of using distillers grains with a low-lipid content in comparison to canola meal as protein supplements for beef cattle consuming low-quality forages. The study is expected to provide needed information on how supplemental feeding management affects feeding behaviour of beef cattle and to compare the effectiveness of canola meal and distillers grains with a reduced lipid content as protein supplements for beef cattle.**********

使用储备的饲料（储存的饲料）和使用谷物收获后剩余的作物残留物，使牛肉生产商能够为他们的牛提供反季节放牧选择。然而，储存的饲料，特别是本地范围内的饲料和作物残留物的粗蛋白质含量往往很低。饲喂缺乏粗蛋白质的日粮会限制饲料摄入量、饲料在瘤胃（肉牛消化道的第一部分）中的消化率、饲料离开瘤胃的通道以及这些饲料的总体消化率。重要的是，这种粗蛋白质缺乏可以通过使用高粗蛋白质含量的饲料来纠正。美国的研究表明，酒精生产的副产品--酒糟是一种合适的补充剂，可以纠正储存饲料和作物残渣可能出现的粗蛋白质缺乏症。他们还证明，不频繁的补充（每两天一次）可以像每天补充一样补偿低质量的饲料。虽然以前没有研究过，但不经常提供蛋白质补充剂可能会减少补充时对饲料的竞争，因为隔日饲喂更大量的饲料。* 虽然酒糟是一种合适的蛋白质补充剂，但最近酒糟加工的变化（去除部分脂质）保证了对这种饲料的进一步评估。此外，酒糟中真菌毒素的风险可能会限制酒糟作为饲料来源的使用。在加拿大，油菜籽粉是一种当地生产的蛋白质补充剂，以其高质量的蛋白质来源而闻名，当喂养肉牛和奶牛时。目前，关于使用油菜籽粉作为食用低质量饲料的牛的补充剂的信息有限。本研究将评估使用低脂肪含量的酒糟作为蛋白质补充剂对食用低品质牧草的肉牛的影响。该研究预计将提供有关补充饲养管理如何影响肉牛饲养行为的必要信息，并比较低脂肪含量的油菜籽粉和酒糟作为肉牛蛋白质补充剂的有效性。