Otolith-based studies of the thermal ecology of northern salmonids

基于耳石的北方鲑鱼热生态学研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-03627
• 负责人: Power, Michael
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=662543
• 关键词: Otolith; based; studies; thermal; ecology

Research proposed here will focus primarily on the continued study of two iconic Canadian fish species, Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), valued as sport and subsistence fisheries and both considered as useful indicators of ecosystem change because of their ecological status as a keystone species in the environments they inhabit. Both species are projected to experience significant negative impacts from climate change. Indeed evidence is mounting that both are already being significantly affected by climate regime shifts either directly as a result of ocean warming or indirectly as a result of distributional shifts of key prey resources. Preparedness to meet the challenges of climate change through the development of mitigative management strategies for these species requires improved knowledge about the thermal ecology of both species relative to that of other possible competitor species such as Brook charr (S. fontinalis). Research proposed here will address that knowledge gap by focusing on studies that aim to: [1] understand differences in temperature use among competing northern salmonids (e.g., Arctic charr, Atlantic salmon, and also Brook charr), the physiological and growth consequences of those differences and how variation among individuals within populations may help buffer the population from the immediate consequences of temperature change; and, [2] improve the oxygen isotope analytical tools available for the study of northern fishes thermal ecology, both past and present, through experimental cross-validation of key assumptions of the techniques used. Studies will, therefore, help to maintain Canadian science at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of otolith stable isotope micro-chemistry. Research will combine cutting-edge laboratory methods with field work to optimize both time and resources. Investigations will be conducted in a number of northern locations along a north-south gradient, including: Baffin Island, Nunavik (northern Quebec) and Nunatsiavut (Labrador). The studies will also contribute significantly to the development of the next generation of trained scientists and resource managers. And for the salmonids studied, the acquired information will improve understanding of functional biological relationships, thereby permitting improved understanding of the implications of ecosystem change and improved science-based stewardship of the affected species.**

这里提出的研究将主要集中于对加拿大两种标志性鱼类——北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alpinus）和大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）的持续研究，这两种鱼类被视为运动和自给渔业，并且由于它们在其栖息环境中作为关键物种的生态地位而被视为生态系统变化的有用指标。预计这两个物种都将遭受气候变化的重大负面影响。事实上，越来越多的证据表明，两者都已经受到气候变化的显着影响，气候变化要么是海洋变暖的直接结果，要么是主要猎物资源分布变化的间接结果。通过为这些物种制定缓解管理策略来准备应对气候变化的挑战，需要提高对这两个物种相对于其他可能的竞争物种（例如红点鲑（S. fontinalis））的热生态学的了解。这里提出的研究将通过重点研究来解决这一知识差距，其目的是：[1]了解相互竞争的北方鲑鱼（例如北极红点鲑、大西洋鲑鱼和布鲁克红点鲑）在温度利用方面的差异，这些差异对生理和生长的影响，以及种群内个体之间的差异如何帮助种群免受温度变化的直接后果的影响； [2] 通过对所用技术的关键假设进行实验交叉验证，改进可用于研究过去和现在北方鱼类热生态学的氧同位素分析工具。因此，研究将有助于保持加拿大科学在快速发展的耳石稳定同位素微化学领域的前沿。研究将把尖端的实验室方法与现场工作结合起来，以优化时间和资源。调查将沿着南北梯度在北部多个地点进行，包括：巴芬岛、努纳维克（魁北克北部）和努纳齐亚武特（拉布拉多）。 这些研究还将为下一代受过训练的科学家和资源管理者的发展做出重大贡献。对于所研究的鲑鱼，所获得的信息将增进对功能性生物关系的理解，从而提高对生态系统变化影响的理解，并改善对受影响物种的科学管理。**