What gives quantum computers their extra power?

是什么赋予了量子计算机额外的能力？

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04725
• 负责人: Raussendorf, Robert
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=663046
• 关键词: What; gives; quantum; computers; their

Quantum computation holds the promise to vastly expand the realm of the efficiently computable, and as such can become a major driving force for the information-based industries of modern society. Shor's factoring algorithm is a prime example to demonstrate this potential. Currently, a wide variety of approaches to quantum algorithms is being pursued, drawing intuition from various areas of computer science and physics. Yet, so far, breakthroughs of the magnitude of Shor's and Grover's discoveries have proven to be extremely rare.******Therefore, to tap into the full potential of quantum computation, we need to better understand its foundations. That is, we need to ask which fundamental properties of quantum mechanics have computational value, and how this value can be utilized. This proposal points to two such resources, and describes a path towards understanding how to best apply them. If this research is successful in the long term, it will become a foundation for future high-level quantum algorithm design.

量子计算有望极大地扩展有效计算的领域，因此可以成为现代社会信息产业的主要驱动力。Shor的因子分解算法是一个很好的例子来证明这种潜力。目前，人们正在追求各种各样的量子算法，从计算机科学和物理学的各个领域汲取直觉。然而，到目前为止，Shor和Grover发现的重大突破已被证明是极其罕见的。因此，为了充分挖掘量子计算的潜力，我们需要更好地了解它的基础。也就是说，我们需要问量子力学的哪些基本性质具有计算价值，以及如何利用这些价值。本建议指出了两个这样的资源，并描述了理解如何最好地应用它们的途径。如果这项研究长期成功，它将成为未来高级量子算法设计的基础。